In recent years, a new round of domestic consumption represented by "new domestic products" has risen in an all-round way, which is inseparable from China’s entry into a high-quality development stage. Generally speaking, new domestic products have entered a new stage of explosive growth, becoming a new engine for upgrading consumption and providing a new path for a high-level dynamic balance between supply and demand in the digital economy era. However, we should also see that the competitiveness of new domestic products in the mid-to high-end market still needs to be improved, the construction of "three products" ("increasing varieties, creating brands and improving quality") needs to be improved urgently, and the market environment and policy support are still not perfect. How to seize the rising opportunity of new domestic consumption and promote the development of domestic brands to a higher level? It is an urgent problem to think about.　

First, new domestic products have entered a new stage of explosive growth.

New domestic products are a series of original brands and old brands that have emerged in China market in recent years. The main goal is to meet the upgrading of residents’ consumption, and digital technology and digital management are the main means. It is a new growth point of consumption with distinctive characteristics of the digital economy era.

(A) Multi-field concurrent, driving the upgrading of household consumption in an increasingly wide range of fields.

The new domestic products cover more and more areas of residents’ daily consumption. In 2020, the top 20 new domestic brands will cover 10 areas of life consumption, such as mobile phones, clothing accessories, smart cars, smart homes, smart hardware, food, drinks, maternal and child, home, beauty and personal care. In 2020, the sales scale of the top 20 brands of new domestic products averaged 22.2 billion yuan, with an average year-on-year growth rate of 229%; The top 100 brands have been established for about 6 years on average, and the average sales scale has reached 5.4 billion yuan.

(B) High-frequency new hair, the leading role in consumer innovation has been highlighted.

The fashion leading force of new domestic products is constantly rising, which has become an important part of "first store economy" and "first economy". According to the survey, there will be more than 390 first-store brands in China in 2020, of which domestic brands (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) will account for about 70%, up about 10 percentage points from 2019. New domestic products have gradually become the characteristics and highlights of China’s international consumption center city construction. Taking Guangzhou as an example, among the 53 national first stores in 2020, 47 are new domestic products, accounting for 88.7%.

(C) short-term outbreak, the supply capacity to meet the consumption upgrade continued to improve.

Shortening the innovation cycle promotes the continuous improvement of the supply capacity of new domestic products. According to statistics, in 2020, the top 100 brands of new domestic products were basically established within 10 years, with an average of about 3 years. Some brands achieved explosive sales growth in less than 2 years. For example, the brand "Perfect Diary", a new domestic beauty brand established in 2016, achieved sales revenue of over 100 million yuan in the "618" shopping festival in 2021; The revenue growth rate of Yuanqi Forest, an emerging beverage with "0 sugar" as its selling point, will reach 309% in 2020, which is 8 times that of Coca-Cola.

Second, new domestic products have become the new engine for upgrading consumption.

In recent years, in line with the trend and demand of upgrading residents’ consumption, new domestic products have rapidly developed on the basis of the online retail market, and have emerged in all aspects of consumption fields such as clothing, food, housing, transportation and use. Generally speaking, the consumption of new domestic products shows the characteristics of rapid increase in market share, expansion of market incremental contribution and increasingly strong consumption vitality, which injects powerful new kinetic energy into consumption upgrading.

(1) The attention and market share of new domestic products have increased rapidly.

The attention of new domestic products continues to increase, and the market share is rapidly approaching and surpassing international brands. From 2016 to 2021, the attention of domestic products has been completely reversed in five years, and consumers’ attention to domestic products has changed from 10 percentage points lower than that of international brands to 50 percentage points higher than that of international brands (see Figure 1). Take FMCG industry as an example. According to the survey, in 80% market segments, the market share of domestic products exceeds that of international brands. Especially in the online retail market, the consumption of new domestic products is growing faster. In the online retail market in 2019, the market share of new domestic products reached 72%. In some market segments such as home appliances and food, the market share of new domestic products is as high as 80%.

Figure 1 Changes of domestic brands’ attention from 2016 to 2021

Source: Baidu & People’s Daily Online "2021 National Tide Pride Search Big Data Report"

(B) New domestic products have created more consumer market increments.

New domestic products have become an important source of incremental consumption market. According to statistics, in 2018, new domestic products contributed 76% of the growth of China FMCG market, which was 52% higher than that of international brands. In some large-scale e-commerce platforms, the contribution of new domestic products to the market increment is rapidly increasing. Research shows that the contribution of new categories to the market increment reached 44.8% in 2019, an increase of 15.2 percentage points over 2018. In addition, the active consumption of new domestic products has also attracted more social capital investment.

(C) Youth groups pay more attention to the new domestic products, which greatly drive the consumption vitality.

The improvement of China’s comprehensive national strength, the staged victory in epidemic prevention and control, and the achievements in safeguarding national enterprises represented by Huawei have greatly encouraged consumers, especially young people, to feel patriotic and identify with domestic products. In 2020, among the age distributions concerned by "National Tide", the post-80s, post-90s and post-00s accounted for 16.9%, 48.6% and 25.8% respectively, making a total of 91.3%. According to the survey, 90.7% of consumers are more willing to support domestic products, 64.5% will give priority to buying domestic products, 61.4% will pay special attention to whether the brand they choose is domestic products, and 56.7% will persuade their relatives and friends to support domestic products.

Third, new domestic products provide a new path for the dynamic balance between supply and demand in the digital economy era

Behind the rapid development of new domestic consumption is the interactive docking of manufacturing enterprises, brand enterprises and e-commerce platforms in China, which uses digital technology to reconstruct the supply chain of production, circulation and consumption, builds a new development model of accurately identifying demand, efficiently organizing production and quickly docking the market, and walks out of a new path of supply and demand matching and dynamic balance in the digital economy era.

(1) Fully tap the value of big data elements, and accurately understand and tap new demands.

Big data is a new production factor for new domestic products to gain insight into consumption trends, capture consumer demand and create consumer markets. Traditional commercial and retail enterprises focus on traditional factors such as land, manpower and capital, and their ability to use big data production factors is not strong, resulting in inefficient matching between supply and demand. E-commerce platform has become an important market information and consumer intelligence hub in the digital economy era. The innovation and development of new domestic products closely rely on digital channels such as e-commerce platform, social platform and live broadcast. Through the analysis and mining of big data information, we can accurately identify new demand and create new supply, thus constantly discovering new market opportunities. For example, a cutting-edge sparkling wine brand tested 14 new products on 10,000 consumers in four months by using the digital platform, and finally the listed products achieved far more sales than expected.

(B) to build Internet traffic operation capabilities, and quickly spread and connect with new markets.

For a long time, relying on the advantages of capital and experience, international brands seized and controlled the superior commercial circulation channels, and did not open them to domestic brands, resulting in domestic products being at a disadvantage in market competition. As China’s e-commerce market has become the most innovative and largest market in the world, new domestic products have seized the opportunity to establish a mature Internet "traffic" operation capability in the market competition, and created new marketing models that directly reach consumers, including social e-commerce, live broadcast and short video operation, and built new advantages for domestic brands in modern circulation. It is found that some international brands that have withdrawn from the China market in recent years have reserved their marketing departments to learn from China’s digital marketing model.

(C) the construction of a digital supply chain system, efficient coordination and organization of new supply　　　　

Digital supply chain system includes production organization and service innovation. On the one hand, foundries with high-quality manufacturing capabilities accelerate their docking with the domestic market with the help of new domestic products. As an important intermediate link, platform enterprises help foundries to connect brands and consumers, realize digital transformation and improve their ability to respond quickly to market demand. For example, a large-scale e-commerce platform quickly organized production and hatched a number of new domestic brands in response to the consumption boom of "small household appliances" such as "one-person food". Last year, the sales volume during the epidemic increased by 5-20 times compared with the same period of last year. On the other hand, the connotation of digital services supporting the development of new domestic products is constantly innovating and expanding. For example, the number of multi-channel network (MCN) organizations providing integrated digital services has rapidly developed from 160 in 2015 to more than 20,000 in 2020, which has helped the "online celebrity economy" to grow and develop. The digital supply chain system has changed the development mode of low-price competition in the past, supported new domestic products to move towards the high end of the value chain and quickly seize the middle and high-end market share. According to statistics, in 2020, the market share of new domestic products will reach 24.2%, 30.9%, 51.9%, 46.7% and 41.9% for the mid-to high-end products in the online market segments such as household appliances, food, medical care, culture and entertainment, and 3C digital products.

Fourth, the problems and obstacles faced by the development of new domestic products

New domestic products are still in the early stage of development, and the competitiveness of high-end markets at home and abroad still has much room for improvement. The ability to build "three products" is insufficient, the market environment and policy support are still not perfect, and sustainable development and lasting operation still need to be tested.

(A) the competitiveness of new domestic products in high-end markets at home and abroad is still insufficient.

At present, except for some fields such as food and beverage, cosmetics and clothing, the international competitiveness of new domestic products is still not strong in areas such as milk powder, luxury goods, high-end electronic products, health care products, etc., where the threshold for R&D investment is high and consumers demand higher, and there is still a large-scale consumption outflow every year. In addition, the recognition of new domestic products in some fields in the domestic market is not high. From the sales situation of the two e-commerce shopping festivals of "double 11" and "618" in the past two years, among the top 20 brands in cosmetics sales, new domestic products only account for 3; There are no new domestic products in the top 10 brands of milk powder. For some new domestic products whose quality is close to the international first line, there is still a big gap in investment in product research and development, brand management and human capital accumulation, especially in the construction of design talents, marketing talents and operation talents.

(B) New domestic products "three products" building capacity needs to be improved

There is still a big gap between the development of new domestic products and the international advanced level in the construction of "variety, quality and brand", and the effective supply capacity and level are still difficult to fully meet and fully adapt to the needs of consumption upgrading. In terms of varieties, large-scale enterprises lead the product design innovation, and a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises follow the imitation, and the original ability needs to be strengthened. In terms of quality, the foundry has formed a strong path dependence on OEM production and processing trade mode, and the release of manufacturing capacity to the domestic market is still insufficient; The concept of "small profits but quick turnover" and the self-positioning of "big brand replacement" of domestic brands are still deeply rooted. Some brands regard the national tide as a gimmick and ignore the improvement of quality connotation. On the brand, the marketing mode is mainly "explosive" marketing, lacking the long-term planning of building the overall image of the brand. Some brands rely too much on the domestic market and lack the awareness, vision and confidence of international development. In addition, the disorderly expansion and blind follow-up of capital have also contributed to short-sighted behaviors such as low-price competition and false propaganda.

(C) the market environment to promote healthy competition needs to be improved.

Small and medium-sized enterprises are the main players in the market of new domestic products, which are prone to low-level competition and unfair competition such as shoddy and false propaganda. For new brands and products, there is a problem of "one product is hot, and thousands of people copy it", so the protection of intellectual property rights and trade secrets needs to be strengthened urgently. The technical standard system lags behind the product production iteration, and some cross-border products lack relevant technical standards formulated by relevant departments and associations. The profit of some enterprises’ new products dropped from 80% to 10% within one year, which affected the continuous innovation power of enterprises. Due to the fast iterative speed of updating new domestic products, the accumulation of business information and credit information of enterprises is relatively insufficient, and the supervision cost is relatively high. At the same time, due to the rapid innovation of online marketing model, there are still a lot of regulatory gaps in the fields of live delivery and social e-commerce, and the collaborative governance model of government departments, platforms, industry associations and consumers is far from being established. Once the quality and food safety risks of "explosive models" appear, they will spread rapidly and widely, which will greatly impact consumer confidence.

(D) insufficient policy synergy to support the development of new domestic products

Globally, in order to support domestic brands to become bigger and stronger and go global, governments all over the world attach great importance to planning systematic policies covering production, circulation and consumption. Take South Korea as an example. In order to promote Korean local perfumes and cosmetics, the South Korean government requires duty-free shops to sell domestic cosmetics in at least one third of the area. At present, cosmetics account for over 50% of the total sales of duty-free shops in South Korea, and domestic cosmetics account for half of the total sales of cosmetics. At the same time, the South Korean government issued a cultural industry development plan, and implanted the brand into film and television cultural works, forming a good publicity and driving role. China doesn’t give much consideration to new domestic products in the planning of cultural tourism, activity promotion and business development, and the efforts to support domestic products by using the tax-free policy system are not strong.　

V. Policy suggestions

(A) to speed up the implementation of the "three products" upgrade strategy to enhance the quality of new domestic products.

On the basis of the original "three products" policy, we will implement the "three products" upgrade strategy, guide market participants to enhance the added value and soft power of products, and promote the "quality revolution." We will build a number of high-level laboratories for quality control and technical evaluation of consumer goods, accelerate the development of third-party quality inspection and certification services, and explore the establishment of a special certification system for quality traceability management systems. Strengthen competition behavior supervision, food safety supervision and quality supervision of new channels such as live e-commerce and social e-commerce. Improve the construction of relevant standards system for new domestic products, and promote the quality improvement and standardized development of domestic products.

(2) Accelerate the construction of an international consumption center city and create a number of world-renowned new domestic brands.

Take the brand of new domestic products as the focus of starting economy and first store economy, and form a benign mutual promotion between new domestic products and the development of international consumption center cities. Support domestic brands to enter world-class business circles, create new consumption scenes of domestic products in the upgrading of commercial streets, organize a series of distinctive new domestic products consumption promotion activities, and create a good domestic products business infrastructure and consumption atmosphere. Promote the integrated development of new domestic consumption and cultural tourism, and enhance the regional cultural characteristics and cultural connotation of new domestic brands.

(3) Actively explore the innovation of fiscal and taxation policies and enhance the incentives for the innovation and development of new domestic products.

Support domestic products to enter the duty-free retail market, encourage duty-free shops to sell more domestic brands, guide relevant enterprises to develop high-quality domestic products with special characteristics for duty-free channels, and build duty-free shops into an important platform to support domestic products, display their own brands and spread national traditional culture.

(4) Support new domestic products to go to sea and encourage new domestic products to continuously expand market space.

Support new domestic products to carry out cross-border e-commerce cooperation, lay out overseas warehouses, expand overseas supply chains, and promote the supervision mode of cross-border e-commerce enterprises exporting directly to enterprises and cross-border e-commerce exporting overseas warehouses to be applied nationwide. Support new domestic enterprises to cooperate with international brand enterprises in the form of equity participation, stock exchange and mergers and acquisitions, and improve the international operation ability of domestic brands. Strengthen the application of international law and enhance the ability to use international rules to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of domestic brands in overseas operations.

(5) Strengthen publicity and support to promote the enthusiasm of "domestic consumption".

Set up the promotion content of new domestic products in publicity platforms such as "Double-product Shopping Festival" and "China Brand Day". Carry out a series of reports on domestic brands through multiple channels, introduce the development of various categories of domestic products, highlight the quality of domestic products, convey the spirit of domestic products, unite the brand identity of the people who love domestic products, and empower the brand building of domestic products. Analyze and tell the charm and advantages of "domestic products" from the perspective of the younger generation, improve consumers’ awareness and loyalty to their own brands, and enhance the pride of the people in buying new domestic products.

(The authors Wang Nian and Li Hanqing are both associate researchers of the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center, Su Nuoya is an assistant researcher of the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center, and Wei Wang is the director and researcher of the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center).

On the occasion of the first anniversary of the brand’s establishment, on May 19th, Meituan Distribution announced that it would upgrade its opening strategy, create more inclusive distribution services, and work with ecological partners to build new infrastructure in the future city.

When the epidemic struck, the instant delivery industry grew against the trend. During the epidemic, Meituan delivered 56.22 million orders to hospitals across the country, and at the same time absorbed 791,500 laborers to become take-away riders.

At the same time, new players such as Didi have also entered the errand business. In this regard, Wei Wei, general manager of Meituan Distribution, said that Meituan’s errand business has made great progress recently. Didi and Meituan are companies that like to try new things, and some people are willing to come in, indicating that the industry is still valuable.

With the implementation of the new national standard for motorcycles, Meituan has also cooperated with some energy companies. Will the rider’s transportation be unified in the future? Wei Wei mentioned that the rider’s means of transport is a part of the ecological chain and will actively cooperate with the government and enterprises.

Talking about Didi’s errand running industry: it shows that the industry still has value

In May 2019, Meituan Distribution was formally established as an independent brand, and announced the upgrade of the distribution open platform. Up to now, Meituan has 3.99 million platform active riders, covering 2,800 cities above the county level, covering more than 6.2 million categories of merchants such as restaurants, fresh food, supermarkets, bookstores and flowers.

Now, the first anniversary of the brand’s establishment, Wei Wei, general manager of Meituan Distribution, said that it will build more inclusive distribution services, digitally help 10 million stores, provide 200,000 deep distribution solutions, and continue to open up to the society to provide 3 million jobs.

During the epidemic, instant delivery became a busy industry. Wei Wei introduced that recently, the errand business has made great progress, and the epidemic has brought about changes in people’s consumption habits. On May 10th, Mother’s Day, the errand orders exceeded 1.17 million. The epidemic has made the home business and errands business press the speed-up button, and now the overall development is still very good.

For non-catering business, etc. Yang Fei, general manager of the customer department of Meituan distribution enterprise, said that we have indeed made many new attempts in catering and non-catering, and we are also expanding the upstream business flow, whether it is the expansion of flash shopping business categories or the internal Meituan shopping, including customers in various industries in the market. At present, the proportion of our non-catering categories is gradually increasing.

Many players have also started to enter the game. In March, Didi announced that it will run errands in 21 cities including Shanghai, Shenzhen and Chongqing, and the function of picking up and delivering parts in the same city will also be opened. Wei Wei told the Beijing News reporter that Didi and Meituan are both companies that like to try new things. From the perspective of business value, some people are willing to come in, indicating that this industry is still valuable.

For other players in the industry, Wei Wei said that from an internal perspective, competition is a very important factor to maintain internal vitality and innovation drive, so we don’t pay too much attention to competition, but pay more attention to what new value and plans we can bring.

The rider’s equipment is a part of the ecological chain.

What difficulties and challenges have the brand encountered since its establishment one year ago? Wei Wei introduced that the development of take-away business is demand-driven, and take-away is a closed-loop transaction at the performance end and an important end link. If there is no way to guarantee the delivery time and service experience of goods, the business model will not be established.

"The gross profit margin of retail is much lower than that of the catering industry, so the cost of supporting home must adopt a new distribution model to perform distribution in a more intensive way." Wei Wei believes that the biggest challenge is the joint construction of the digitalization of retailers and the digitalization of delivery performance of the whole platform. At present, it will take some time to polish, and our flash purchase business has also launched the "Little Picking Assistant".

The types of services such as Meituan distribution are constantly enriched. The data shows that the "cruise mode" of Meituan’s peer-to-peer distribution network reached 7.6 billion orders in 2019; "Galaxy mode" provides more customized in-store service, and the number of cooperative stores increases by 402.5%; Introduce the "warehouse-distribution integrated model" consisting of pre-small warehouse and distribution; Intelligent cupboards have been put into use in batches in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities.

Motorcycles also affect the distribution efficiency. In April 2019, the new national standard for motorcycles was officially implemented. At the same time, many enterprises have laid out "shared power exchange" business. Previously, Meituan Distribution signed a strategic cooperation with Tieta Energy. At present, 6,000 power exchange points have been laid in 150 cities across the country, which can serve nearly 160,000 riders every day.

Is the rider’s distribution and assembly unified? Wei Wei said that the new national standard for motorcycles must be actively supported from the distribution attitude of the US delegation, which is also a part of the ecological chain. It is necessary to actively cooperate with the government and enterprises, but the status quo needs an evolutionary process.

What impact will the 5G network construction bring to the distribution of the US Mission? Wei Wei believes that, firstly, 5G, AIoT and AI technologies are relatively advanced technologies, and 5G is the accelerator for the application of AI and AIoT technologies to the underlying network. At present, China is still in the process of infrastructure construction, and it will take a while. With the improvement of 5G technology capability, there will be a very large commercial application scenario for the minute-level distribution network of instant delivery in the future.

Beijing News reporter Chen Weicheng Editor Wang Jinyu proofread Junyan Zhang

foreword

Guangmao, since fttp, this is the gateway for every household to access the Internet. But not many people pay attention to it.

This paper mainly talks about a simple way to change the light cat, based on the principle that you can not get telecomadmin, and you can not brush mac.

In fact, for many families in fttp, their light cats are older, and all LAN ports are only 100 megabytes. This has caused many users to pay 200M optical fiber, and actually enjoy 90M broadband, but they can’t enjoy the use feeling brought by speed increase. Even if 100Mb/S optical fiber (equivalent to computer display value of 12.5MB/S), and 100 MB port, only about 90M optical fiber downlink rate (equivalent to 11.25MB/S), so the old 100 MB optical cat has become a bottleneck for users.

The state requires operators to speed up and reduce fees. At present, most families upgrade to 100 M optical fiber for free, and there are not a few 200M optical fibers. Developed areas are already laying out 500-1000M, which is believed to gradually spread to tens of thousands. Therefore, the replacement of gigabit light cats is a problem that every household will face sooner or later. I have tossed a light cat many times, and I will share my experience with my friends and myself. Four methods range from simple to complex:

Finally, it is not recommended to buy old light cats. Electronic components such as optical modules and CPU of light cats have a long life, and the failure rate of second-hand light cats will be higher. When something goes wrong with the light cat, you will be crazy (especially for netizens with poor foundation).

When recommending a wireless router, I choose the one I have used and think it is good. If I haven’t used it, I dare not talk nonsense … My principles for choosing a router are: 1. Stability. 2. The performance is quite good. 3. When the signal strength is sufficient, choose the router that meets the national SRRC low radiation standard.

Method of replacing light cat 1 — — Replace the rented light cat

Scope of application and evaluation of methods:

Applicable object: Telecom/Netcom and other operators rent light cats to you.

How easy it is to change a light cat: simple

Recommended degree: 5 stars

Degree of expenditure: only due to the region.

Disadvantages: Need patience to communicate with customer service and technicians, and even need to use unconventional means.

Replacement steps

　

▲ First of all, first confirm that your light cat is a 100-megabit light cat? Everyone’s model varies from person to person, but the nameplate on the back of the light cat will not deceive people. Look through the nameplate on the back of the light cat and find out the model. Is this light cat a 100-megabit light cat or a gigabit light cat under Baidu? Huawei HG8245C like me is a 100-megabit light cat.

If you are a 100M/200M optical fiber user, you can call the optical fiber communication operator, of course, you should report your broadband account number, and the opposite manual customer service may verify the personal information of the householder. After the customer service confirmed that it was correct, we declared to the human customer service that we used the speed measuring software to measure it, but it did not reach the nominal fiber speed. I just looked at the nameplate on the back of the light cat and found that it was a 100-megabit light cat. My light cat was rented from you. Could you help me replace it with a gigabit light cat?

The key points you need to consult later: whether it costs to replace the rented light cat, what conditions are needed, and when will an outside technician contact you. Generally, the rental is to replace the Gigabit light cat for free.

The rest you just need to wait for the technician to come to your door and ask him to help you replace the Gigabit light cat, and you just need to stand by and provide corresponding assistance to the technician in time (basically no assistance).

Method of replacing light cat 2 — — Rang telecom daigou guangmao

summarize

Applicable object: Except all optical fiber users who rent optical cats.

How easy it is to change a light cat: simple

Recommended degree: 5 stars

Spending degree: slightly higher, the cost varies from region to region, but there are matching discounts. For example, in Xiamen, the cheapest light cat is paid 279 yuan in one lump sum, and Xiamen Telecom will refund the phone bill to 240 yuan in 24 months.

Disadvantages: the quality of light cats is average.

Replacement steps

Call the optical fiber communication service provider, contact the human customer service, and then verify the identity. Explain to the customer service that you bought your own 100-megabit optical cat and want to replace it. Do you provide the service of purchasing and replacing optical cats? Customer service will generally say yes, and then check the quotation sheet of light cat.

At this time, you need to ask if there are any matching discounts. If there are, you can consider whether to replace the light cat (after all, the phone bill deduction varies from person to person and from region to region). If you are interested, you can register with customer service, and an outside staff member will contact you and come to replace the light cat within 3 working days.

The rest is the same as before. The disadvantage is that the quality of light cats is average.

Method of replacing light cat 3 — — Taobao/Tmall self-purchased area limited light cats

Method evaluation

Applicable object: In addition to renting all optical fiber users of Light Cat, we are also pursuing the brand and quality of Light Cat.

How easy it is to change a light cat: It can be as simple as it is to look at the face.

Recommended degree: 3 stars

Cost: 150~250 yuan.

Disadvantages: there is no discount on the overall expenditure. If Loid is successful, it will be very smooth. If Loid is in trouble, it needs to be tossed. Light cat bridging/dialing settings need to be configured by yourself.

Point: Be sure to buy a brand new one! Be sure to buy a brand new one! Be sure to buy a brand new one, and it was made in the last 12 months.

Replacement steps

I asked our outside customer service manager before, and I asked him if you bought Huawei light cats. The manager saidno. What about ZTE? The manager also answered no. What about the bonfire? I didn’t have ………., and then I said what brand. I forgot … In the field of optical communication, Huawei is the strongest in China, followed by ZTE. Huawei uses Huawei, which can make the light cat more stable, and basically does not need to restart. Of course, Huawei’s light cat is also more expensive.

▲ First of all, of course, go to Tmall/Taobao to buy your favorite big brand light cat. Remember to confirm whether it is EPON or GPON. For example, I bought Huawei’s customized version of Fujian Telecom HS8145C (EPON). You can save a lot of trouble if you buy a custom-made light cat from the communication operator where you belong.

▲ Before the light cat arrives, you must first write down your Loid and password (both of them can be copied, copied into txt, stored in sections, and then copied). This is the key.

▲ Only one port of ▲HS8145C is Gigabit, and the rest are 100 megabits. The location of the specific Gigabit port will be different due to different models. Please ask the seller. If there is a wireless router, let the wireless router occupy the Gigabit port first. In the initial setting, our computer only needs to access the 100 Gigabit port. If the optical cat is directly connected to the PC, let the main PC directly connect to the Gigabit port. Then remove the protective sleeve of the optical fiber port and plug in the optical fiber (never break the optical fiber), plug in the telephone with a telephone and plug in the itv with an itv. Remember to take a photo of the nameplate of the new light cat, which will be needed later.

▲ Open the browser, enter 192.168.1.1 in the address bar (this is usually the case for light cats, if you are not clear, you can consult the seller), and then you will enter the light cat registration and certification page. Then enter/paste the Loid and password you recorded before. Then click OK, and you can get Loid.

Loid will encounter three situations.

▲ Situation 1: Very smooth, the whole process is very fast, about 20~60 seconds, the light cat registered successfully, and downloaded the settings from the server. If you encounter this situation, you will be very comfortable and you can watch the final steps.

▲ Situation 2: It gets stuck during the registration process. Personally, don’t move, wait for the light cat to end automatically. After about 600 seconds, either the registration is successful and distributed, or the registration fails and the Loid is renewed.

▲ In case 3, during the registration process, "The terminal has been registered on the ITMS platform, please find the support manager to handle it and re-register." What you have to do at this time is to call the customer service phone of the communication operator or the technician/account manager of this community. I told the customer service/technician/account manager that I bought a customized version of the light cat in my own area and was replacing it. I asked for technical support. If it is customer service, it will help you register your phone number and place an order with the technician. After receiving the reply, you should generally provide your own LOID or broadband account at this time, and provide the last 6 machine codes of the light cat.

Of course, the technician will add your WeChat, please provide some information about the light cat LOID and tell you what you know.

Under normal circumstances, the technician will ask you to re-LOid and keep it, then contact some support to help you solve the problem, and then you can generally get rid of LOid and download the configuration successfully. Light cat registered successfully.

If it doesn’t work, it’s estimated that the technicians will come to the door, hahahahahaha. To be honest, the technicians of broadband operators have a very good attitude. If they are installed on the same day and repaired on the same day, they will usually help you solve it for free. Remember to be nice to the technicians/customer service. After all, they don’t smile at people. After all, people also work to make money.

If you want to be quick, you can try to contact a little support, but to be honest, without relevant query software, you can’t find out where the problem card is and whether the light cat is connected to the outside line. I recommend letting technicians help you remotely.

Follow-up setting of light cat configuration

▲ After getting the distributed data correctly, we need to enter 192.168.1.1 in the browser (if it is not this, it is behind the nameplate), and then we will see this interface, and we will find the — — Quick maintenance entrance, and then enter the account password behind the nameplate, you can enter the maintenance entrance of Guangmao.

▲ After we refresh for a while, we can see the various states of the light cat. If we are experts, we can capture a lot of information on this page.

▲ Then, manually configure the dialing mode of the optical cat. If there is a wireless router, select the bridging mode. If it is directly connected to the computer, select the optical cat to dial. You can only choose one of the above two situations. If you forget what dialing method you are, you can consult a technician. For example, if we want to dial by bridge in Xiamen, we need to switch to bridge mode+light cat bridge+router dial in the computer room. Please consult the customer service or technician for the situation in each place.

▲ Then choose whether to turn on the wireless WiFi of Guangmao. If only one person uses it or the budget is insufficient, you can choose to use the WiFi of Guangmao, and then set the WiFi name and password. However, the WiFi of the optical cat is only 2.4G band, and the rate is generally 300Mb/S (equivalent to 37.5MB/S on the computer side, and any wireless network card will eat up the wireless bandwidth), which will increase the burden of the optical cat and shorten its service life. I have a wireless router at the back end, so I choose to turn off the WiFi of the optical cat here to reduce radiation and interference, and at the same time move the dialing to the wireless router AC86U, so that the optical cat can only do the bridging function, so that it can basically support the 10 Gigabit optical cat+10 Gigabit router.

▲ Then you can choose whether to change the password of the light cat. If you need to change the login password of the light cat, you must tick the red arrow. Personal recommendation changes to improve security. What? Are you afraid to forget? Don’t be afraid, consult the seller or the technician, they can help you find the password, and their software+equipment is miraculous.

▲ Finally, the change interface will be displayed. Click OK to make all the settings before taking effect.

▲ Click the "Status" tab in the red box in turn — — "User side information" — — "Ethernet Interface Information" should confirm whether Gigabit port is used by wireless router or main computer. For example, my gigabit port is used by wireless routers.

▲ Another very important thing to note is to click on the red box "Network" tab. At this time, we need to remember the initial ip distribution and the termination of ip distribution. This is very important for computers that can’t connect automatically or the wireless router settings at the back end! ! ! Remember it, or take a screenshot.

▲ The router ip should fall within the IP distribution range of the optical cat, otherwise the router can’t bridge the dialing, and we can’t access the Internet. Remember! ! ! ! Then click Apply this interface setting.

This concludes method 3.

Method of replacing light cat 4 — — Command+firmware bottom modification for second-hand optical cats

pay attention to

This method has a high threshold, is very difficult, takes the most time, and needs to be tried many times. Personally, this method is highly recommended, and it doesn’t save much money, and it also bears the pressure when family members can’t get online. But I’d better show others this method. It will take at least 2~6 hours to modify this method. I will change, but I don’t want to do this. Wouldn’t it be better to spend that time with my family? )

Finally, it is not recommended to buy old ones. The optical module, CPU and other electronic components of the optical cat have a long life. When something goes wrong with the optical cat, you will be crazy (especially for netizens with poor foundation).

Home wireless network layout — — Insufficient budget

▲ If the budget is insufficient, if you don’t consider buying a router for the time being, start using the WiFi of the optical cat first, but I think this is only temporary, because the most important function of the optical cat is photoelectric conversion, and that WiFi is only 300M, just a wireless network card will be eaten up, and it will increase the burden on the optical cat. Moreover, the cheap light cat only has a single gigabit. If you want 4 Gigabits and need to increase the budget, you might as well buy a wireless router directly. Moreover, there are many signals in 2.4G, and the interference is very serious, so it is easy to cause disconnection due to interference.

I installed the wireless router below 300 yuan for my relatives.

Seriously, I only consider two routers, one is ASUS and the other is Netware. Although the 3G of Xiaomi router is very cost-effective, the stability of Xiaomi router depends on its face, and the two Gigabit LAN ports have not passed the national mandatory standard SRRC certification. Some netizens responded that they frequently dropped the line during use.

▲SRRC is a national mandatory standard, which is more in line with national conditions.

▲ I installed this RT-AC1200GU for my relative before, and I told him that the stability, four gigabit ports and proper signal strength are worth the 100 yuan price difference. After all, it has passed the SRRC standard and is more secure. Four Gigabit ports are more scalable and can be used on nas/PS4 and other devices. Moreover, there is a 2.4G+5G dual band, which allows the notebook to connect with 5G signals and enjoy faster speed.

Moreover, ASUS’s UI interface is refreshing, simple and intuitive, with many interesting functions.

Two 450~500 yuan routers I used.

One is RH17 of the Qualcomm scheme, and the other is the middle-end explosion king — — Broadcom scheme 66UB1.

▲ In contrast, RH17 is cheap, with a theoretical maximum speed of 400M+1733M, and supports Qualcomm mu-mimo. Each WiFi has an independent WiFi processor, but there is no Merlin firmware. But there is no problem in the use of ordinary families. In terms of overweight load, 66UB1 is more compressive than RH17.

My RH17 was finally taken by my friend. My friend’s former friend router was very unstable, and dropped calls and dropped packets frequently. My friend’s older sister always yelled at my friend. The friend himself said, "Since the router was changed, his elder sister didn’t yell at him. The signal was good and the laptop was connected quickly, which was very worthwhile."

▲66UB1, the mid-range explosion king, is very practical, with merlin, low fever, very stable performance and very affordable price. I believe netizens also highly recommend this model.

I just started RT-AC86U+ USB-AC68 recently.

66UB1 is a very cost-effective router, and it was my main router. However, my relative’s router was broken, and his family needed a higher-performance router, so he took my 66UB1 away. When buying a router, I updated and iterated RT-AC86U for these devices, considering that my family has recently acquired a lot of high-throughput wireless devices.

▲RT-AC86U, now JD.COM only needs 799, which is very good value. After passing the SRRC low radiation certification, Broadcom dual-core 1.8G will bring better wireless network control.

▲ The signal coverage capacity of ▲AC86U can cover approximately 120 ~ 130m2 under the SRRC national standard. Supporting AiRadar signal concentration technology will make WiFi more stable and faster. The maximum support is 1024qam (2.4g) 750mb/s 1024qam (5g) 2167mb/s.

▲ Classic red and black color scheme, AC86U. I like it very much. It is a vertical router and stands stably, which can save ground space.

▲ Three separate antennas, which can be hemispherical at the top.

▲ Just plug the antenna into these three antenna ports, and the whole router is still quite high in height.

▲ There is a WiFi switch button and a WPS button on the right side of the router.

▲ The vertical router has an advantage, that is, it is very convenient to connect/unplug the USB power cord and network cable, and at the same time, the vertical router can also have quite good heat dissipation space.

▲ There is a reset/restart button at the top of the left, a power button, a power socket, a USB 2.0 USB 3.0 interface, and a blue WAN port, with an LED light control button in the middle and an acrylic ASUS LOGO at the bottom.

▲ On the right side are four Gigabit LAN ports, marked with yellow.

▲ The indicator light at the bottom of the front of the ▲86U is white in normal operation, turned off when not in use, and red in case of failure.

▲ There is a large rubber anti-slip sticker at the bottom, which can make the 86U stand stably.

▲ A transformer with an output voltage of 19V, an output current of 1.75A and an output power of 33.25W

▲AC86U also supports MU-MIMO of Broadcom scheme. When multiple Broadcom mu-mimo devices are connected to 86U at the same time, the throughput will be parallel, reducing the delay of each device and improving the effect and speed of WiFi access.

▲ ASUS USB-AC68 is a USB3.0 mobile network card, which can access one of 2.4G or 5G WiFi signals, support transmission speed of 600+1300 Mb/s, and support mu-mimo of Broadcom scheme.

▲ Compared with the AC1900 network card of pci-e, the USB network card has the advantages of no need to shut down, plug and play after installing the driver, and also supports notebook expansion. 600+1300Mbps, if the light is seen from the transmission speed of 5G, it can already surpass the wired transmission of Gigabit LAN.

▲ Accessories list

▲ Plug in the USB protective cover and fold the antenna. The whole USB-AC68 can be held in the palm of your hand.

▲ Open the top two antennas decorated with red Maya patterns, which is the signature style of AC68. There are two built-in antennas inside the Maya pattern in the middle, and there are four antennas in AC68U.

▲ All adopt USB3.0 Type A interface, and there will be no bottleneck in transmission speed.

▲ After the assembly, this is the signature action.

▲ Come on, let’s just say that we don’t practice the fake style and serve food.

My wireless network settings

▲ Generally speaking, when a new router arrives, it needs to be initialized. I use the optical cat bridge dialing and dial at AC86U. The optical cat’s WiFi is turned off, and the optical cat is only used for photoelectric conversion+bridging, which can liberate the optical cat to the greatest extent and prolong its life. Then set 2.4G and 5G separately to form two independent signals. Of course, it is also possible not to separate. AC86U supports automatic switching signal technology and can be automatically allocated by itself.

▲ After setting, enter the main interface, and the status of the whole router can be seen at a glance. ….. Wait, I don’t think I connected the NAS. I’ll get the NAS.

One more thing, Merlin firmware is not suitable for everyone. For many people, ASUS official firmware is the best, because it is stable, fully functional, and the UI is simple and easy to use. Merlin is just like ASUS firmware.

▲ ASUS RT routers of models above ▲66ub1 all have their own intelligent network guards, which provide router-level security protection for home networks. I put these security protection measures on the 86U.

▲ Network security guards also provide webpage and APP filtering functions, which can filter the content of the mobile phone/computer used by children and then open it to him at the right time.

▲ After the ▲QOS function is turned on, broadband can be intelligently allocated under the condition of heavy load such as download/intranet transmission of a certain device, and the impact on other online devices is reduced.

▲ Traffic analysis has little effect on the broadband monthly subscription in China. It is very useful for foreign countries, such as Australia, to charge by flow. (Of course, it will be useful if you use a charging network card.)

▲ The game acceleration function is a special function of routers above AC86U, which can enjoy the acceleration function between different servers around the world.

▲ Users of ASUS routers can register for free and use the game acceleration service for free.

▲ If you want to access your own USB device connected to the router on the external network or wake up the computer remotely, you can turn these two functions on.

▲ If you want to turn off 2.4G and 5G intelligent network selection, you can turn off the Smart Connect function in the wireless network interface, and ASUS routers are also optimized for Xbox users.

▲ For example, if I use the optical cat bridge, and the optical cat is only used as a photoelectric conversion device, I only need to select the PPPoE connection type in the external network (wan) interface, enter the broadband account number and password, and then apply the interface settings to realize automatic dialing.

▲ In the wireless network and professional setting interface, the signal can be set and the area can be switched, but it is not recommended for individuals to switch to the United States and Australia with strong signals, because the radiation is slightly large, and long-term use is afraid of affecting health.

▲ In the system management interface, you can choose the working mode of the router. Generally speaking, it is the default. If there is an ASUS RT router that has been eliminated by updating iteration, you can turn on AiMesh and let your RT router simply be an AiMesh device.

Mesh — — > 802.11ac + MU-MIMO

AiMesh — — > ASUS expands its own firmware, so that ordinary independent RT series routers can support and join the function of Mesh network, so there is no need to buy a complete set of Mesh routers. After all, a set of three Mesh routers needs 1999.

Personal use example

▲ First, use USB-AC68 to connect to RT-AC86U’s 5G WiFi, and then put my NAS (wired Gigabit network cable connection) into the Z disk of the local computer to measure the network connection speed. This speed is basically the highest, because the conversion between wireless network and wired network and the need for packets for signal transmission will occupy the transmission bandwidth.

▲ The signal strength test that everyone cares about, the layout of my home, and the emmmmmmm drawing software is called Sims 4, which is made by EA who sells DLC. Common locations are marked in the above picture, and the following picture shows the perspective with walls. It can be seen that the signal has crossed several walls. The router is in the small bedroom, my room, only 1 meter away from the bed.

▲ A picture shows that the attenuation of 2.4G signal is less, but the transmission speed of 5G signal is fast, and the signal strength is very good if it is close to the router. What? You said that the 5G signal toilet is weak to use?

▲ Let’s measure the 100M broadband next to the router, and compare it with the signal measured in the toilet with the worst signal. You will find that even in the toilet with the worst signal, there is no problem in brushing Weibo, watching videos, watching TV dramas and playing games (the delay is not improved). In actual measurement, don’t be superstitious about signal strength, it is enough. After all, SRRC standards will be stricter.

The glory of the king/chicken-eating mobile game measurement

　

▲ I played three the glory of the king, two wins and one loss … When the game was operated, there was no delay caused by communication, and the operation was smooth. Even a hero like Liu Bang, who has a lot of hands, can accept five heads.

▲ Jedi survival stimulated the battlefield and also ate chicken.

summary

For the replacement method of light cats, I recommend schemes 1, 2 and 3. The fourth type is highly recommended by individuals who change the bottom layer, because the gap is around 50 yuan, which is not worth your trouble, and the life span of second-hand light cats is very poor. Once it collapses, it will be very painful.

I recommend Optical Cat to be used as a photoelectric conversion device, so as to prolong the life of Optical Cat and enable it to support the future 10 Gigabit optical fiber+10 Gigabit network. We connect a good wireless game at the back end, which can not only enjoy high-quality WiFi and intranet, but also have better expansion functions.

In the process of use, I think AC86U is very suitable for me. It saves space by being placed vertically, with excellent performance, rich functions and sufficient signal strength. After all, the SRRC standard is strict.

　　This announcement shall come into force as of January 1, 2020. Announcement on Issuing the List of Toxic Chemicals Strictly Restricted in China (2018) (Announcement No.74 of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs in 2017) shall be abolished at the same time.

　　It is hereby announced.

　　Attachment: 1. List of Toxic Chemicals Strictly Restricted in China (2020)

　　　　　2 "toxic chemicals import environmental management release notice" instructions.

　　　　　3 "toxic chemicals export environmental management release notice" instructions.

Ministry of Ecology and Environment

Ministry of Commerce

General Administration of Customs

December 30, 2019

　　Cc: ecological environment departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ecological environment bureaus of cities with separate plans, ecological environment bureaus of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, commercial authorities of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Guangdong Branch of General Administration of Customs, special offices of Tianjin and Shanghai, and customs directly under the Central Government.

　　Issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 31, 2019

　　Annex 2

Notice on Environmental Management Release of Toxic Chemicals Import

Make it clear

　　I. Registration conditions

　　(1) Chemicals controlled by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and related amendments in the import list.

　　The import purposes shall conform to the acceptable purposes specified in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Amendment to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants to Add Hexabromocyclododecane (Announcement No.84 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2016) and the Announcement on the Prohibition of the Production, Circulation, Use, Import and Export of Persistent Organic Pollutants such as Lindane (Announcement No.10 of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2019) or the specific exemption purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration.

　　(2) Chemicals controlled by the Minamata Convention on Mercury in the import list.

　　1. The import use shall conform to the permitted use within a limited time in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (Announcement No.38 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2017).

　　2. If the exporting country is a non-party to the Minamata Convention on Mercury (hereinafter referred to as the "Mercury Convention"), the non-party needs to provide a certificate to prove that the exported mercury is not from the primary mercury mine that does not meet the requirements of the Mercury Convention or the mercury generated during the decommissioning of chlor-alkali facilities.

　　(3) Chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and related amendments in the import list.

　　1. The import use shall conform to the permitted use stipulated by China (except polychlorinated terphenyls).

　　2. If polychlorinated terphenyls are imported, environmental management registration of new chemical substances shall be handled.

　　Second, the application materials

　　(1) An application form for the environmental management release notice for the import of toxic chemicals (hereinafter referred to as the import release form).

　　(2) Import contracts signed with foreign investors.

　　(3) Where chemicals are controlled by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (hereinafter referred to as the Stockholm Convention) and related amendments in the import list, the certification materials that the imported chemicals are only used for acceptable purposes or for specific exempted purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration shall be submitted.

　　(4) If the chemicals controlled by the Mercury Convention are listed in the import list, the following documents shall be submitted: (1) Proof that the imported chemicals are only used for the permitted purposes in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury; (2) If the exporting country is a non-party to the Mercury Convention, the certificate of the non-party on the source of imported mercury shall be provided; (3) Data and information on import purposes that meet the requirements of the Mercury Convention.

　　(5) If the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and its related amendments are listed in the import list, the certification materials that meet the registration conditions shall be submitted.

　　(six) if it is not the first time to import, it shall submit the import, flow direction and use of each batch before.

　　Third, the accepting unit

　　The accepting unit is the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Applicants can apply to the Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Technology Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and submit application materials. For those who meet the registration conditions, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will issue an import release form.

　　Fourth, the validity period

　　The import release form is valid for 6 months.

　　V. Time limit for registration

　　20 working days from the date of acceptance.

　　Sixth, the results are open

　　The registration decision shall be made public within 20 working days.

　　VII. Post-supervision

　　Units importing chemicals shall establish ledgers (detailed records) to truthfully record the import, flow and use. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will organize an on-site inspection of the applicant, and the applicant shall provide a ledger.

　　Annex 3

Notice on Environmental Management Release of Toxic Chemicals Export

Make it clear

　　I. Registration conditions

　　(1) Chemicals controlled by the Stockholm Convention and related amendments in the export list.

　　1. The export purposes shall conform to the acceptable purposes specified in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Amendment to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants to Add Hexabromocyclododecane (Announcement No.84 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2016) and the Announcement on the Prohibition of the Production, Circulation, Use, Import and Export of Persistent Organic Pollutants such as Lindane (Announcement No.10 of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2019) or the specific exemption purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration. If the importing country is a party to the Stockholm Convention and related amendments, it should also meet the acceptable use of the importing country or the specific exemption use within the validity period of the specific exemption registration.

　　2. If the importing country is a non-party to the Stockholm Convention and its related amendments, it shall submit an annual certificate to prove that it will take necessary measures to reduce or prevent environmental emissions, comply with the regulations on reducing or eliminating emissions from stockpiles and wastes, and ensure that wastes are disposed, collected, transported and stored in an environmentally sound manner.

　　3. If the importing country is a party to the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments, the export of chemicals not controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments shall be confirmed by the importing country (foreign party); The export of chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of "Export of Chemicals Controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and Related Amendments".

　　(2) Chemicals controlled by the Mercury Convention in the export list

　　1. The export purpose is in line with the permitted use in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (Announcement No.38 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2017). If the importing country is a party to the mercury convention, it should also meet the permitted use of the importing country under the mercury convention.

　　2. If the importing country is a party to the Mercury Convention, it shall issue a written consent and provide written certification materials to prove that it meets the permitted uses of the Mercury Convention.

　　3. If the importing country is a non-party to the Mercury Convention, it shall issue a written consent to prove that it will only be used for the purposes permitted by the parties to the Mercury Convention, ensure compliance with the provisions of the Mercury Convention on environmentally sound temporary storage, ensure compliance with the provisions of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal and the guidelines formulated, and take measures to ensure the protection of human health and the environment.

　　(3) Chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments in the export list.

　　If the importing country is a party to the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments, it shall meet the corresponding conditions in the reply of the importing country to the Convention Secretariat on the exported chemicals:

　　1. If the import reply to the Convention Secretariat is that it does not agree to import, it shall not be exported;

　　2. If the import reply to the Convention Secretariat is to agree to import under specific conditions, it shall meet the specific conditions put forward by it;

　　3. If the importing country has not submitted a reply to the Secretariat, it shall ensure that the chemical was registered as a chemical in the importing Party at the time of import; Or there is evidence that the chemical has been used or imported in the territory of the importing Party and no control action has been taken to ban it; Or the exporter has asked for explicit consent through the national competent department designated by the contracting party and has obtained such consent.

　　Second, the application materials

　　(1) An application form for the environmental management release notice for the export of toxic chemicals (hereinafter referred to as the export release form).

　　(2) A statement and proof that the exported chemicals meet the requirements of the Stockholm Convention, the Mercury Convention and the Rotterdam Convention.

　　Third, the accepting unit

　　The accepting unit is the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Applicants can apply to the Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Technology Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and submit application materials. According to the Rotterdam Convention, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment sent an export notice to the importing country and received a reply. For those who meet the registration conditions, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will issue an export release form.

　　Fourth, the validity period

　　The export release form is valid for 6 months.

　　V. Time limit for registration

　　The time limit for registration of export release documents is 20 working days from the date of acceptance. The time for performing the prior informed consent procedure is not counted.

　　Sixth, the results are open

　　The registration decision shall be made public within 20 working days.

　　Seven, the export should be accompanied by information.

　　According to the requirements of the Rotterdam Convention, when exporting chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments in the list, exporting units should attach labels and safety data sheets with the latest information in an internationally recognized format, so as to ensure adequate information on risks and/or hazards to human health or the environment.

The 14th Five-Year Plan for Promoting Agricultural and Rural Modernization was issued.
In the next five years, agricultural and rural modernization will be built like this

Recently, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan to Promote Agricultural and Rural Modernization" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), and put forward the thinking objectives and key tasks of agricultural and rural modernization in the next five years. The State Council Information Office held a policy briefing on December 8th, and introduced the relevant situation. Experts pointed out that this is the first plan to integrate agricultural modernization and rural modernization, and the blueprint for promoting agricultural and rural modernization in the 14 th Five-Year Plan has been drawn.

Important progress will be made in agricultural and rural modernization.

Deng Xiaogang, vice minister of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, introduced that the Planning was led by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Development and Reform Commission, and was compiled with 32 departments. The main contents included the development characteristics, strategic orientation, overall requirements, main objectives, key tasks, major projects, policies and measures of agricultural and rural modernization during the 14 th Five-Year Plan.

Specifically, "Planning" made it clear that seven key tasks should be focused on in promoting agricultural and rural modernization during the 14th Five-Year Plan, namely "three upgrades, three constructions and one connection".

"Three upgrades" means improving the supply security level of important agricultural products such as grain, improving the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, and improving the modernization level of industrial chain supply chain. In this regard, the Plan puts forward tasks such as stabilizing the sown area of grain, strengthening the protection and quality construction of cultivated land, strengthening the support of modern agricultural science and technology, and promoting the integrated development of rural industrial parks.

"Three constructions", that is, building a livable and suitable village, building a green beautiful countryside and building a civilized and harmonious village. In this regard, the "Planning" puts forward tasks such as strengthening rural infrastructure construction, focusing on promoting standardized agricultural production, and improving rural governance systems.

"One connection" means consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation, effectively connecting and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. Deng Xiaogang introduced that the "Planning" proposes tasks such as consolidating and improving the achievements of poverty alleviation, improving the overall development level of poverty-stricken areas, and improving the assistance mechanism for rural low-income people and underdeveloped areas, so that poverty-stricken areas can accelerate the pace of national modernization.

"The" Planning "proposes that through five years of efforts, by 2025, the agricultural foundation will be more stable, the rural revitalization strategy will be comprehensively promoted, and important progress will be made in agricultural and rural modernization." Deng Xiaogang said, "Strive to make decisive progress in the overall revitalization of rural areas by 2035, and basically realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas."

Let farmers share the dividend of digital economy development

"At present, the new kinetic energy represented by the digital economy is accelerating, and digital technology and agriculture and rural areas are also accelerating integration, and new technologies, new products and new models are constantly emerging." Zeng Yande, chief agronomist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and director of the Development Planning Department, said, "During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, to promote the digital development of agriculture and rural areas, the key point is to improve the rural information technology infrastructure construction, accelerate the popularization and application of digital technology, and let farmers share the dividend of digital economy development."

According to reports, around the digital empowerment of agricultural and rural modernization, the "Planning" focuses on three aspects:

-building a strong infrastructure. Focusing on new construction and transformation, the Plan proposes to promote the simultaneous planning and construction of rural Gigabit optical networks, 5G, mobile Internet of Things and cities, improve the level of rural broadband networks, and promote the digital and intelligent upgrading of agricultural production and processing and rural infrastructure.

-developing smart agriculture. The "Planning" proposes to establish and promote the application of big data system in agriculture and rural areas, promote the deep integration of next-generation information technologies such as Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain with agricultural production and operation, and build a number of digital pastoral areas, digital irrigation areas and smart farming and animal husbandry fisheries to continuously improve the digital level of agricultural development.

-Building a digital village. The "Planning" clearly defines the construction of a rural digital service system that combines online and offline to benefit the people and facilitate the people, promote the extension of "internet plus" government services to rural grassroots, deepen the construction of rural smart communities, promote the combination of rural education, medical care, culture and digitalization, and improve the intelligent and accurate level of rural governance and services.

Take the road of urban-rural integration and development

Wu Xiao, director of the Rural Economic Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, we must take the road of urban-rural integration.

How to solve the problem of agricultural population settlement? The "Planning" emphasizes that the reform of household registration system and the full coverage of permanent residents in urban basic public services should be promoted as a whole, with the focus on relaxing the restrictions on urban settlement except for a few megacities, and using residence permits as a carrier to achieve full coverage of urban basic public services. In addition, it is necessary to protect the rural land contracting rights, homestead use rights and collective income distribution rights of farmers who have settled in cities according to law, establish a market system for rural property rights transfer, and improve the market-oriented exit mechanism and supporting policies for farmers’ "three rights".

Take the county as an important starting point for the integration of urban and rural development. Wu Xiao introduced that the "Planning" proposes to promote the urbanization construction with the county as an important carrier, promote the upgrading and capacity expansion of facilities such as public services, environmental sanitation, municipal utilities and industrial facilities in the county, enhance the comprehensive carrying capacity and governance capacity, and give the county more resources. Integrate the right to use and strengthen the comprehensive service capacity of the county. Strengthen the overall planning of counties and villages, promote the unified planning, construction and management of public facilities within the county, and promote the unification of basic public service standards and system integration within the county.

In addition, it is necessary to smooth the circulation channels of urban and rural factors. The "Planning" clarifies that the institutional channel for the free flow of urban and rural factors will be opened up, and a virtuous circle of rural talents, land, capital and industry will be formed. Promote the two-way flow of urban and rural human resources, establish and improve the system and mechanism for revitalizing rural talents, and improve the mechanism for introducing, cultivating, using, evaluating and encouraging talents.

"The Plan gives priority to ensuring and improving people’s livelihood in rural areas, strengthens the use of industry to supplement agriculture and cities to bring rural areas, accelerates the establishment and improvement of institutional mechanisms and policy systems for urban-rural integrated development, promotes county-level overall planning of public resources, and promotes coordinated urban-rural development and common prosperity." Wu Xiao said. (Reporter Kong Dechen)

　　On Monday (March 25th) EST, the trading in the US stock market was relatively flat, and the three major indexes fluctuated within a narrow range throughout the day, and finally closed down slightly. This Friday, European and American countries will welcome the Good Friday holiday, and on the same day, the core PCE favored by the Federal Reserve and Powell’s speech, the market tends to be cautious.

　　At the close, the S&P 500 index fell 0.31% to 5218.19 points; The Dow Jones index fell 0.41% to 39,313.64 points; The Nasdaq index fell 0.27% to 16,384.47 points.

　　The yield of US bonds rose slightly, which also brought some pressure to the market. The benchmark 10-year US bond yield returned above the 4.2% mark and closed at 4.246%. The yield of 2-year US bonds, which is most sensitive to the Fed’s policy interest rate, closed at 4.63%.

　　The market is dull, but some stocks still attract market attention. AI giant NVIDIA set a new closing high against the trend, even though Qualcomm, Google and Intel want to break their software monopoly together.

　　In addition, former US President Trump was also very active in the capital market on Monday. Trump’s Media Technology Group (TMTG) and the backdoor company DWAC announced on Monday that the business M&A transaction between the two parties has been completed. Starting from Tuesday, Trump Media Technology Group, which completed the reverse acquisition, will be listed on the Nasdaq Stock Exchange with the trading code "DJT". DWAC soared 35% overnight. If Trump holds nearly 60% of the company’s shares after listing, his stock value is more than 3 billion US dollars, which can be described as "winning hemp".

　　Of course, in addition to good performance, there are also "sap". The Digital Market Act, which has been brewing for a long time in the European Union, made its debut. The sword refers to Apple, Google and Meta, and the technology giants may face high fines. If any violations are found, the Committee will have the right to impose a fine of up to 10% of the global income on these companies. For repeated violations, the fine ratio may even increase to 20%. The three giants collectively closed down overnight.

　　A few days ago, Apple also encountered an anti-monopoly lawsuit from the US government. Under the "big stick" of anti-monopoly, technology giants will be under certain pressure in the near future. However, combined with past experience, the actual impact of anti-monopoly will not be immediately fed back to the stock price, especially under the AI ? ? boom, the market is more concerned about the fundamentals of enterprises.

　　Looking at the macro-level news again, following last week’s meeting of the Federal Reserve, internal differences have also become increasingly apparent. Bostic, president of Atlanta Fed, reiterated that he expected to cut interest rates only once this year, while goolsbee, the "big dove", continued to stick to his expectation of cutting interest rates three times in 2024. Federal Reserve Governor Cook believes that housing inflation will continue to decline, but it needs to be cautious in cutting interest rates.

　　At present, it seems that the first drop and the number of drops this year are still unclear, and the market may have to wait for the main line of interest rate cuts.

　　[Hot American stocks]

　　Tech giants were mixed, with Microsoft down 1.37%, Google A down 0.46%, NVIDIA up 0.76%, Amazon up 0.47%, Tesla up 1.05%, Apple down 0.83%, Meta down 1.29%, AMD down 0.57%, Arm Holdings up 3.10% and Netflix down 0.09%. The EU Digital Law made its debut overnight, with the sword referring to Apple, Google and Meta.

　　[global index]

　　In the European stock market, the major stock indexes were mixed, and the STOXX 600 index in Europe closed up 0.04%. Britain’s FTSE 100 index fell slightly by 0.17% to 7918. The French CAC40 index fell slightly by 0.00% to 8152 points. Germany DAX index rose slightly by 0.30% to 18,261 points.

　　[China Stock Market]

　　NASDAQ China Golden Dragon Index closed down 0.07%. In terms of popular Chinese stocks, Pinduoduo fell 2.54%, TSMC fell 0.21%, Weilai rose 0.21%, Xpeng Motors rose 0.53%, Alibaba fell 0.93%, Baidu rose 3.41% and Netease fell 1.90%.

　　[foreign exchange commodities]

　　The US dollar index retreated some gains, once approaching the 104 mark in intraday trading, and finally closed down 0.19% at 103.43. Spot gold closed up 0.3% at $2,171.90 per ounce; Spot silver finally closed up 0.04% to $24.67 per ounce.

　　Due to the tense geopolitical situation and the fact that OPEC+will adhere to the current production reduction plan at the representative review meeting to be held next week. Oil price bullish sentiment has warmed up, WTI crude oil rose by more than 1%, and once rushed to $82 in the US market; Brent crude oil closed up 0.57% to $86.01/barrel.

　　[Highlights]

　　The differences within the Fed are becoming increasingly obvious: some support cutting interest rates three times and some only once.

　　Atlanta Fed President Bostic reiterated that he expects to cut interest rates only once this year; "Big Dove" goolsbee continues to adhere to the expectation of three interest rate cuts in 2024; Federal Reserve Governor Cook believes that housing inflation will continue to decline, but it needs to be cautious in cutting interest rates.

　　Trump’s social media completed the merger and landed on Nasdaq tonight.

　　With the successful voting at the DWAC shareholders’ meeting of "Shell Company" last Friday, Trump Media Technology Group, whose main business is Truth Social social social media platform, announced on Monday that the reverse takeover and listing transaction between the two parties has been completed. Starting from Tuesday, Trump Media Technology Group, which has completed its backdoor listing, will be listed on the Nasdaq Stock Exchange with the trading code "DJT". According to public information, Trump will continue to hold nearly 60% of the shares of listed companies after listing, with a limited sale period of 6 months. DWAC closed up 35.22% on Monday, which also made Trump’s stock value close to $4 billion.

　　The Digital Market Act of the European Union was unveiled, aiming at Google, Apple and Meta.

　　On Monday (March 25th) local time, the European Commission announced in official website that it would investigate Google’s parent companies Alphabet, Apple and Meta, which was the first time that the Digital Market Act (DMA) was fully implemented. According to the press release, "Today, the European Commission conducted an investigation on the jump rules of Alphabet in Google Play and the preference rules in Google search, the jump rules of Apple in App Store and Safari’s’ browser selection screen’ and Meta’s’ payment or consent mode’ according to DMA."

　　Baidu may provide AI function for Apple Bank equipment.

　　According to informed sources, Baidu will provide AI function for iPhone16, Mac system and ios18 released by Apple this year, and it is expected to adopt API interface for billing. Apple’s adoption of domestic big model AI functions for devices such as the iPhone of the Bank of China is mainly due to compliance requirements, and the AI functions of foreign devices are all from Apple’s own big model. As of Monday’s close, Baidu’s US stocks closed up 3.41%.

　　It is worth mentioning that Ben Reitzes, technical analysis director of Melius Research, also expected in an interview with TV on Monday that he thought that at Apple WWDC in June this year, the company would lay the foundation for a new artificial intelligence application store, including detailing how consumers can obtain artificial intelligence applications from various developers.

　　Boeing leads high-level "big change"

　　On Monday, local time, Boeing, which has been in trouble frequently, announced its leadership restructuring plan. Among them, Dave Calhoun, president and CEO of the company, announced that he intends to leave the troubled company before the end of this year and make a major reorganization of the company’s leadership. In addition, Stan Deal, president and CEO of Boeing Commercial Aircraft Group (BCA), a subsidiary of Boeing, will retire from the company, and Larry Kellner, chairman of Boeing’s board of directors, will not run for re-election at the annual general meeting.

　　Novo Nordisk deploys cardiovascular field through mergers and acquisitions.

　　On Monday, local time, Danish pharmaceutical giant Novo Nordisk announced that it would acquire Cardior Pharmaceuticals for 1.03 billion euros. The company focuses on the treatment of heart failure and the development of preventive drugs based on non-coding RNA(ncRNA). The lead compound CDR132L under research can improve heart function, prevent and partially reverse the disease process of patients with heart failure, and is currently in the phase II clinical development stage for the treatment of heart failure.

　　Technology giants join hands to break NVIDIA’s software monopoly. Qualcomm, Google and Intel are among them.

　　Qualcomm, Google, Intel and other technology giants and more than 100 start-ups collectively "encircled" NVIDIA. They tried to specialize in AI software to weaken NVIDIA’s leading position and guide developers how to migrate from NVIDIA CUDA software platform to other platforms.

　　Musk: The progress of FSD is no longer limited by AI training, and the improvement speed of computing power will be greatly accelerated.

　　Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, recently hinted on the social platform that Tesla’s advanced driver assistance system will be improved faster because the bottleneck of AI training computing power has been broken.

　　[financial calendar]

　　If the teacher’s evaluation is done properly, the children can jump high. The picture shows the kindergarten in Danyang City, Jiangsu Province, cultivating children’s brave spirit, and the little man simulated vault training and successfully crossed the "obstacle". Photo courtesy of Gu Liqin Jiang Wen Zhou Zhusheng

　　The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) points out that managers, teachers, children and their parents are all participants in kindergarten education evaluation. The evaluation process is a process of mutual participation, mutual support and cooperation. However, in the actual educational evaluation of kindergartens, the evaluation of children is often just a monologue of teachers.

　　Teacher monologues are active and passive monologues.

　　Teachers’ monologues can be divided into active monologues and passive monologues. Active monologue means that teachers do not welcome other subjects to participate in evaluation; Passive monologue means that other subjects actively choose not to participate in the evaluation. Both types exist in kindergartens.

　　The performance of active monologue is that teachers do not give children the opportunity to participate in evaluation. On the one hand, the status of children as the subject of evaluation has not been taken seriously. The Convention on the Rights of the Child puts forward that children have four basic rights: the right to survival, the right to development, the right to protection and the right to participation. Children’s participation in evaluation is an important manifestation of their right to participate. Teachers "should ensure that children who can form their own opinions have the right to express their opinions freely on all matters affecting children, and give due attention to children’s opinions according to their age and maturity". However, in the real situation, children are often regarded as incapable of participating in the evaluation because of their young age and low cognitive level, and it is difficult to express their opinions and suggestions in related matters. For example, in many kindergartens, children’s opinions are rarely sought for the setting and adjustment of class areas, the content and trend of theme activities, etc.

　　On the other hand, children are often regarded as objects in the evaluation, and there are few opportunities to express the experience, interests, needs, difficulties and opportunities behind the behavior. For example, some teachers often interpret children’s behavior from a single adult perspective, but rarely go deep into children’s "why the apple is painted black" and "why the snail is painted without a head". Children are deprived of such words in the evaluation process, which actually makes the education process become a children’s performance under the guidance of teachers, and it is difficult for children to have the opportunity to discover and develop themselves through education.

　　The performance of passive monologue is that in the evaluation of children, managers usually play the role of bystanders rather than participants, only playing the role of supervision rather than leadership, and the evaluation of children has become a task that teachers need to undertake independently. Some managers stipulate that teachers should complete several observation records or learning stories every week and make a growth record book for each child every semester as one of the requirements for evaluating teachers’ work. In addition, they seldom participate in the evaluation of kindergarten curriculum implementation effect as evaluation subjects, and rarely provide support and feedback for teachers’ evaluation work.

　　However, how to coordinate teachers’ time for observation, evaluation and other educational activities? How to make a systematic and scientific evaluation plan effectively? How to use the evaluation results to adjust and optimize the whole kindergarten curriculum plan, and effectively promote the learning and development of every child? The solution of this series of problems can not be achieved only by the strength of teachers, but must be led and planned by managers.

　　Monologue evaluation is related to external management and self-accomplishment.

　　The phenomenon of teachers’ monologues in children’s evaluation has both external and internal reasons.

　　The external reasons are mainly reflected in the inadequate overall evaluation system and concept construction of kindergartens. On the one hand, although many kindergartens emphasize evaluation, most kindergartens don’t really pay attention to evaluation. For example, kindergartens do not leave teachers with special observation and evaluation time, but require teachers to complete the observation and evaluation of young children while organizing activities; In the daily management of kindergartens, special curriculum planning time and teaching and research time are arranged, but few kindergartens will arrange special observation, evaluation and discussion time for children. On the other hand, some managers and teachers only regard observing and evaluating children as the end of education, not the starting point. Some kindergartens still take the spot check of children’s singing, telling stories and doing arithmetic at the end of the semester as an important evaluation, and make a model growth portfolio at the end of the semester as an important form to observe and evaluate children.

　　The internal reason is that teachers’ evaluation literacy needs to be improved. Evaluation literacy is an indispensable part of teachers’ professional ability, which requires teachers to have ideas, knowledge and skills in the field of evaluation, that is to say, teachers should be able to understand evaluation, clarify achievement expectations, use appropriate evaluation methods, and properly interpret and apply evaluation results. However, the current research shows that the overall evaluation literacy of preschool teachers in China is not high, among which the evaluation attitude is the best, the evaluation skills are the second, and the evaluation knowledge score is the lowest. Therefore, the evaluation knowledge and skills of preschool teachers need to be enriched and improved urgently.

　　Provide a variety of support for teachers to get out of monologue evaluation

　　First of all, in the kindergarten management system, special observation and evaluation time and discussion time should be arranged. It is suggested that qualified kindergartens arrange at least half a day for teachers every week, or arrange an hour of special observation time for teachers every day; Arrange a special evaluation and discussion time every week or every two weeks, and the whole park will work together to discuss the level of children’s learning and development, and study their life and psychological world. The role of the director has also changed from supervision and evaluation to leadership evaluation.

　　Secondly, in the examination of kindergarten teachers’ qualification certificate and the recruitment examination of new teachers in various places, the content of children’s observation and evaluation ability should be increased, forcing teachers’ training units to pay attention to strengthening the ability of cultivating students to observe and evaluate children. Although "Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers (Trial)" has made it clear that observing and evaluating children’s ability is the professional ability of kindergarten teachers, in the curriculum system of many kindergarten teachers’ teacher training units, relevant courses are still missing or the teaching quality of the courses is not high. If the content of children’s observation and evaluation ability is added to various exams in the future, then the teacher training unit will pay attention to relevant courses and provide students with systematic knowledge learning and ability training.

　　Secondly, it is expected that the researchers of early childhood education can develop a new model that is in line with China’s national conditions and is consistent with the "3-mdash; The computer software or mobile APP for the evaluation of children’s learning and development corresponding to the Guide to Learning and Development for 6-year-olds supports teachers to evaluate effectively and reasonably. With the help of children’s observation and evaluation software system, teachers can manage observation and evaluation data, understand the evaluated and unevaluated projects, automatically draw the development status of individual children in all aspects, and draw the development status of some aspects of the whole class, which provides convenient support for teachers to understand individual children and the whole class, and also provides the possibility for teachers to design suitable courses.

　　Finally, teachers should build a new equal relationship between teachers and children, and respect and attach importance to children’s evaluation rights. In the new era, with the increase of information acquisition channels, children know more knowledge than teachers in some aspects at some time, and teachers can no longer stick to their authoritative position as knowledge imparting, nor can they despise children’s ability. Facts show that young children are fully capable of participating in the decision-making of matters related to them. For example, some children hope that kindergartens can also have children’s parking lots, so they design a parking lot plan, submit it to the director, and get the director’s permission to open a children’s parking lot in kindergartens.

　　It can be seen that teachers should change their concepts, respect children’s right to participate and evaluate, believe that children have the ability to make evaluations, and support children to continuously improve their evaluation ability.

　　(Author: Zeng Xiaoying, former Jinxia Unit: School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University)

"Life is precious, but the price of love is higher …" Recently, the record of divorce case with sky-high A shares was refreshed again.

On the evening of May 29th, Kangtai Bio (300601), a listed company on the Growth Enterprise Market, released the changes in equity Report, in which Du Weimin, the controlling shareholder and actual controller of the company, intends to split and transfer 161 million shares of the company (accounting for 23.99% of the company’s total share capital) to Yuan Liping.

Image source: Kangtai Biological Announcement

According to the closing price of Kangtai Bio on May 29, 146 yuan/share, the market value of Du Weimin’s split shares reached 23.5 billion yuan, setting a record for the highest divorce case in A-share history. Prior to this, the highest record in the A-share market was 7.5 billion yuan, which was created by the divorce of Zhou Yahui, chairman of Kunlun Wanwei.

Behind this eye-catching sky-high divorce case is Du Weimin’s controversial family history and Kangtai Bio’s capital operation, which has also been brought back into people’s attention. Since then, a controversial story has begun.

Being questioned by investors is a "technical divorce"

According to public information, Kangtai Bio is an enterprise integrating R&D, production and sales of biological products. It was established in September 1992 with a registered capital of 369 million yuan. It is headquartered in Shenzhen and listed on the Growth Enterprise Market of Shenzhen Stock Exchange on February 7, 2017.

The company started with vaccines, and its main products include recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine, measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine, acellular pertussis combined vaccine of Haemophilus influenzae type B, and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Among many products, Kangtai Bio is best known for hepatitis B vaccine.

Since 2020, Kangtai Bio’s share price has been strong, hitting record highs, with a total market value approaching 100 billion. The company’s performance has also continued to grow. From 2017 to 2019, its total operating income was 1.161 billion yuan, 2.017 billion yuan and 1.943 billion yuan, respectively, and its net profit returned to its mother was 215 million yuan, 436 million yuan and 575 million yuan. The company’s growth rate has maintained a high growth rate of more than 31% for six consecutive years.

Image source: Kangtai Bio 2019 Annual Report

It is worth noting that although Kangtai Bio’s total revenue in 2019 was 1.94 billion yuan, its gross profit was 1.77 billion yuan, with a gross profit margin of 91.24%. The net profit is 575 million yuan, and the net profit rate is as high as 29.64%, which shows that the vaccine industry is profiteering.

Of course, due to the sustained high growth of Kangtai Bio, the market has continued to give it a high valuation. The share price of 146 yuan, compared with Kangtai Bio’s earnings per share of 0.91 yuan in 2019, has a P/E ratio of 160 times and a P/B ratio of 33.8 times.

Image source: Kangtai Bio 2019 Annual Report

In addition to the hot speculation on pharmaceutical bio-stocks in recent years, the COVID-19 epidemic is obviously an important factor contributing to the stock price of Kangtai Bio. In February, 2020, Kangtai Bio announced that it had cooperated with Eddie Weixin (Suzhou) Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to develop novel coronavirus DNA vaccine. In the following three months, Kangtai Bio’s share price rose by nearly 50%.

In this sky-high divorce case, Du Weimin’s ex-wife Yuan Liping simply wanted shares and did not seek actual control of the company. According to the announcement of Kangtai Bio, in order to keep the normal operation of Kangtai Bio unaffected and continue to maintain Du Weimin’s actual control over Kangtai Bio, Du Wei and Yuan Liping signed the Agreement on Entrustment of Concerted Action and Voting Rights. The agreement stipulates that Yuan Liping agrees to entrust Du Weimin with the shareholder rights of the shares he holds, and the two establish a concerted action relationship.

It is worth noting that the behavior of shareholders of listed companies to split their shares through divorce and then reduce their holdings has always been concerned by all parties in the market. Coupled with the time of this divorce, it coincides with the historical high of Kangtai Bio’s share price. Therefore, Du Weimin was also questioned by investors as a "technical divorce" and was suspected of circumventing regulatory restrictions to reduce his holdings. In this regard, the health sector called Kangtai Bio to inquire about the company’s response, and no reply has been received as of press time.

Kangtai Bio also disclosed in the "Simplified Statement of Changes in Equity" that the information disclosure obligor does not rule out the possibility of increasing or decreasing its shares in listed companies in the next 12 months.

A vaccine salesman’s "perfect counterattack"

Du Weimin’s family history can be described as "legend", from the inspector of epidemic prevention station who came out of poor mountain families in Jiangxi to the upstart in the field of hepatitis B vaccine in China.

In 1963, Du Weimin was born in the rural area of Jinggangshan, Jiangxi Province, and was assigned to Jiangxi Provincial Health and Epidemic Prevention Station after graduation. At the beginning of the reform and opening up in the 1990s, Du Weimin resigned and went to sea to become a vaccine marketing salesman. Won the first bucket of gold in life in Changsheng Bio (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Changchun Changsheng).

In March 2001, Du Weimin founded the company with his colleague Han Gangjun. In September of that year, Changsheng Bio-Institute transferred 0.68% equity of Changsheng Industry to Guangzhou Mengyuan, which Du Weimin held, at a consideration of 437,900 yuan. Since then, Du Weimin has indirectly become a shareholder of Changsheng Bio.

In June 2003, Du Weimin began to serve as the director and vice chairman of Jiangsu Yanshen Bio. However, in 2009, the rabies vaccine produced in Yanshen, Jiangsu Province was ordered by National Medical Products Administration to stop production for rectification because of counterfeiting. Du Weimin resigned from Jiangsu Yanshen and cashed in his shares.

During this period, Du Weimin began a five-year study tour. According to media reports, he went to European and American vaccine giants and many biotechnology research institutions to study and inspect, but remotely controlled domestic affairs. In 2007, the Du Wei mutiny sold its Canadian property and returned to China with his wife and children, rejoining the vaccine industry.

In 2008, Du Weimin became the controlling shareholder of Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., Ltd., the largest hepatitis B vaccine manufacturer in China, through strategic restructuring.

After a series of dazzling moves, Du Weimin, his wife and other shareholders spent 100 million yuan to set up Minhai Bio. A few months later, they were valued at 240 million yuan to enter Kangtai Bio through restructuring, and then they took over all the shares of five shareholders with state-owned backgrounds at low prices. Although it is difficult to accurately calculate the specific data, some media estimate that it only costs about 368 million yuan to fully control Kangtai Bio.

Since then, Du Weimin has sold some shares to institutions and natural persons at high prices. While the husband and wife earned a net profit of 163.2578 million yuan, they also controlled 62.16% of the shares of Kangtai Bio when they went public in 2017.

In December 2013, Kangtai Bio and Du Weimin ushered in the biggest crisis.

Eight newborns died within 10 days after being inoculated with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) produced by Kangtai Bio, and china food and drug administration urgently suspended the use of all batches of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) produced by Kangtai Bio.

However, the investigation results in January 2014 showed that the incident was a coincidence, and china food and drug administration decided to resume the use of Kangtai bio-related vaccine, and Du Weimin escaped unscathed in the vaccine storm.

In 2017, the Beijing High Court ruled in the second instance that Yin Hongzhang, deputy director of china food and drug administration Drug Evaluation Center, had paid bribes to Yin Hongzhang. But this did not affect Kangtai Bio’s peak.

In February 2017, Kangtai Bio was successfully listed on the Growth Enterprise Market, with a market value of 1.392 billion according to the issue price. A year later, the market value of Kangtai Bio soared to more than 30 billion, and Du Weimin’s personal wealth also changed from 755 million to 20 billion.

In 2018, the event of longevity biological vaccine broke out, and Kangtai Bio’s share price quickly came out of the haze only after being affected for a short time. Then the share price climbed, and Du Weimin also went to the highlight moment of life. In October 2019, Du Weimin won 130 places on the Hurun Rich List with a wealth of 24.5 billion yuan. In February 2020, Du Weimin ranked 524th on the Hurun Global Rich List with a wealth of 33 billion yuan.

Those expensive "breakup fees"

In recent years, the expensive divorce fee of A-shares has appeared frequently, and many media have also publicly reported it.

In addition to the record breaking fee of 23.5 billion yuan and the record breaking fee of over 7.5 billion yuan by Zhou Yahui, chairman of Kunlun Wanwei in September 2016, there are many cases of breaking fee of over 100 million yuan by bosses or executives of listed companies.

In October 2013, Wang Ning, the chairman of Shenzhou Taiyue, divided his 120 million shares into the name of his ex-wife An Mei due to divorce, and the equity value was as high as 1.23 billion yuan.

On January 28th, 2016, the Electric Power Research Institute announced that Hu Chun, the actual controller, planned to transfer 32 million shares (accounting for 4.44% of the total share capital) to Wang Ping for free, on the grounds that the divorce property was divided, and the breakup fee was worth 356 million yuan at that time.

On January 4, 2017, Yinxintang announced that Ruan Hongxian and Liu Qiong, the controlling shareholders, had gone through divorce procedures. After the share split, the market value of their shares was 3.7 billion yuan and 2 billion yuan respectively.

In January 2017, Meng Jie Chairman Jiang Tianwu and his wife Wu Jing signed the Divorce Agreement, and transferred 127 million shares to Wu Jing’s name, with a market value of about 1 billion yuan.

In December 2018, Zheng Dali, a shareholder of Baby Friendly Room, divided 3.9 million shares to Yang Qingfen due to marriage, accounting for 3.9% of the company’s total share capital. According to the latest price of the day, the market value is close to 168 million yuan.

In September 2019, Zhou Heping, the largest shareholder of Wal-Mart Nuclear Materials, transferred his 182 million shares to his ex-wife regarding the division of divorce property. According to the market value at that time, it was equivalent to a "breakup fee" of about 900 million yuan.

In January 2020, Shen Xiaoyu, the post-80s actual controller of Tony Electronics, transferred his 12,901,500 shares to his ex-wife and paid a "breakup fee" worth more than 300 million yuan.

In February 2020, Xu Jiadong and Li Junqiu, 15.22% shareholders of Cross-border Link, went through the formalities of dissolving the marriage relationship, and Xu Jiadong divided 70.11 million shares (accounting for 4.50% of the company’s total shares) to Li Junqiu, with a market value of 460 million yuan at that time.

(This article is compiled from China News Network, Yangcheng Evening News, Delinshe, Zhongxin Jingwei, 21st century business herald, Thumb Medicine, and company announcements)

　　A bear in a scarf, a donkey with eyes rolling, and a doll with a puffer fish stick … … All kinds of handicrafts stand densely together, with colorful wool lying beside them. This is the scene on the workbench of Su Fang, a post-90s worker. Making wool felt by hand is her specialty.

　　Wool felt is a non-woven fabric with good touch and reducibility. Wool felt handwork is the use of wool felt materials to make dolls, dolls, groceries, accessories and other handmade works, which are popular in Europe, America, Japan and other places, and it is still a fresh handmade category in China.

　　Over the past three years, Su Fang has set up stalls and opened studios, given up "making quick money", and devoted himself to building a personal creative brand and pursuing his dreams in starting a business.

　　"Handmaking is what I want to do."

　　Su Fang graduated from Wuhan University of Science and Technology City College in 2012, majoring in environmental art design. When she was in college, she had a soft spot for handcraft. "At that time, I made bags, clothes, fabrics and embroidery."

　　After graduation, as soon as she has leisure time at work, she will still make her own handmade products, and she will always buy all the beautiful materials when she sees them.

　　June 1st, 2014 is a turning point for Su Fang. She took time off to participate in a "Fool’s Market" in the Java Bar on Tianjin Road in Hankou, and met all kinds of handmade people and works. She couldn’t help feeling: "It turns out that doing manual work can also be a job. These people and I live in two worlds completely."

　　After missing two consecutive "Fool’s Fair" due to overtime work, Su Fang realized that his life was limited by the busy bank work. Although I have a lot of income, "this is not the state of life I want." She knows very well that doing manual work "is what she wants to do". Can you develop your interest into a career? With the idea of giving it a try, she quit her job without telling her family and became an independent craftsman, doing manual work in the house she rented every day.

　　In 2016, Su Fang went to Shanghai 1933 Old Square and participated in the market outside the province for the first time. She brought her own work — — A batch of ornaments made of wool felt with embroidery or wool felt with soft pottery. These ornaments attracted the attention of some young people, and many people added her WeChat. At the same time, she also met some companies engaged in the cultural and creative industries and carried out some cooperation. Participating in such a market not only gained confidence, but also let her know some knowledge about the sales of handmade works. "At that time, I learned to calculate the appropriate price of works according to working hours and materials."

　　With the continuous broadening of horizons, the hand-made market in Wuhan can no longer meet the needs of Su Fang’s study, so she spends her travelling expenses and booth fees to attend larger markets in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hefei, Hangzhou and other cities. Su Fang gradually became an insider.

　　Making customized wool felt for pets used to be a major business.

　　"Sasha Vujacic … …” A layer of wool the size of a fingernail, Su Fang pinched and poked a hundred times, and finally made the loose wool become a tight "skin", which was firmly covered on the inner skeleton. This kind of work, Su Fang can do nearly 10 hours on the manual table every day, "like it, so it’s not boring at all".

　　Su Fang brushed the wool on his hand and said that wool has the characteristics of softness and tenacity, and the fiber structure can be closely intertwined; Repeated pricking with a barbed needle at the tip can make the scales on the wool rub tightly and become firm.

　　Out of love for pets and appreciation of foreign artists’ works, in 2017, Su Fang began to learn to make pet works with wool felt. Because of the lack of a guide, her skills are completely self-taught. Without textbooks, she kept looking for foreign books online.

　　Up to now, Su Fang still has a Japanese textbook introducing the works of wool felt pet cats. I don’t know anything about Japanese. "Never mind, just watch the step diagram and learn." Su Fang repeatedly operated and worked out the production skills bit by bit. When she first started practicing, it was common to accidentally poke her finger out of one blood hole after another. Out of love, she often endured the pain and continued to make.

　　Su Fang’s first work was two kittens, which were posted in a circle of friends and were screened by messages such as "cute" and "beautiful". But last year, she tore down these two works because she felt that they were "not good enough". "My current work is very different from the original work, and the comments received at that time were ‘ So cute ’ I don’t want to get such an evaluation. "

　　After getting used to it, the custom-made wool felt for pets has become a major business in Su Fang. Most of the customers are pet lovers, and most of them hope that Su Fang can use wool felt to restore his pet’s appearance as a souvenir. During the production, customers will send photos of their pets’ lives to Su Fang and tell Su Fang the story behind each photo, which also inspired her to create.

　　On one occasion, a customer found her on WeChat more than a month after the work was delivered. The customer told Su Fang that his dog died in a car accident shortly after receiving the work, and every time he saw Su Fang’s wool felt work, it would bring back infinite happy memories. "The customers thanked me for the commemoration, but in my heart, it is because of these stories that I feel that what I have done is meaningful." Su Fang said.

　　In November 2017, Su Fang rented a house in Hankou and started his own studio. In order to promote wool felt handwork, she set up teaching courses at a low price in the studio, and only accepted 20 yuan for one class, and prepared materials. Although many people are interested in wool felt handwork, there are almost no repeat customers who come to class.

　　"Many customers think that making wool felt is very simple. They never want to spend hours sitting there poking and poking, and they can’t sit still. Sometimes they even call me to help them do OEM work." Su Fang said, "I feel that doing things seriously is a respect for it, and the performance of customers makes me feel unhappy." After more than a month, she gave up the idea of starting classes in the studio and spent all her time on her own creation.

　　In October this year, a handicraft exhibition will be held in Beijing, and many famous craftsmen from all over the world and domestic handicraftsmen have been invited. Su Fang was qualified to participate in the exhibition. "This is also a recognition for me, and I am looking forward to it."

　　"I hope every work is completed in an exciting state."

　　It is Su Fang’s initial intention to do manual work by improving technology, constantly surpassing himself and making satisfactory works. In order to keep her original heart, Su Fang gave up the market again and again, because she insisted that "making manual work cannot be equated with making quick money".

　　In 2017, she lived in a large handicraft market in Wuhan and sold her own handmade works. At that time, demand was in short supply, which was a common occurrence. On weekends, works that were ready to be sold for two days were basically snapped up by the first afternoon. When it was good, she could sell more than 10,000 yuan a month. The organizer asked to fill the booth, so she could only make some simple and cheap hair clips and rubber band ornaments to make up for it. Sometimes she even deliberately bid up the price of her work so that it could not be sold and stayed on the booth for a while. "At that time, I felt like an assembly line laborer who rushed to order. Although I made money, I couldn’t learn anything." Su Fang said.

　　In the process of attending fairs and exhibitions everywhere, some companies that took a fancy to the manual commercial value of wool felt approached Su Fang for cooperation, hoping to mass-produce with cheap materials. "The Tao is different." Sapanwood declined.

　　"Many people only pursue visual effects in their works, so they choose to be lazy, use bad materials or cut corners, resulting in soft works. But all my works are solid and there are no pinholes. There is no other way, just spend more time stamps. " In Su Fang’s view, "work should be honest".

　　Two years ago, the customization of wool felt pet works was Su Fang’s main business, accounting for more than half of her income. In this business, the highest turnover is a fully customized pet dog with a unit price of 2000 yuan. In her WeChat address book, hundreds of friends met through this business. However, Su Fang feels that the custom-made business is like "proposition composition", and her personal creative inspiration often has to compromise with customers’ requirements, which makes her lose some enthusiasm for her works.

　　Over time, the unhappy mood is getting stronger: if you continue to make pet works, it will be easier to make money, but the creative inspiration will be limited; If you don’t do it, your income will definitely drop in a short time. This year’s Spring Festival, Su Fang was once very entangled.

　　Finally, she chose the latter.

　　Today, Su Fang works with an agent to sell existing works. Su Fang said: "Wool felt is different from assembly line products, and it is not a doll. It not only has a higher degree of fineness and a better simulation effect, but also includes the painstaking efforts of people. The pricing of several hundred yuan and several thousand yuan is not casually shouted out, and it should be calculated according to the cost of working procedures and materials. " She took out a recently made "Big Wolf" and gave an example to the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network. In order to pursue the simulation, the wolf’s teeth were made of soft pottery; The skeleton is also made of imported plastic materials, so the limbs and tail can move. This "Wolf" is one of the "Little Red Riding Hood" series works that she cooperated with her friends. The work process is complicated, the production is fine, and the price is around 600 yuan.

　　Su Fang said that wool felt works are still very small, and many people don’t understand the creativity and painstaking efforts made by the handicraftsmen in a work. Sometimes, some customers like it very much, but they think the price is too high to buy it. Nowadays, she sells her works with the mentality of "following fate", and sells them as soon as she can; If you can’t sell it, collect it yourself, because every work is her "love created in an excited state."

　　In May this year, Su Fang sold a set of original works around dolls in 800 yuan, including hats and decorations, which set a record for the turnover of her own design works. Now Su Fang is living a life of "supporting himself" and writing according to his own ideas, and he is satisfied. She said: "There is always a trade-off between life and dreams. If you want to get something, you must give up something." (Author Wei Xuping China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Zhu Juanjuan)

　　CCTV News:On August 3, local time, in Castillo prison in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the prison guards detained a woman who was about to leave after visiting the prison, and had doubts about her identity, so the prison guards conducted further investigations on "her". The prison guards checked the relevant videos and quickly spread all over the network, which became a hot search in Brazil.

　　It turned out that this "woman" was none other than Cravino da Silva, a 42-year-old gangster detained in this prison. Nine years ago, he was sentenced to 73 years and 10 months in prison for drug trafficking. On August 3, da Silva’s 19-year-old daughter visited him in prison. Taking this opportunity, da Silva tried to implement her own escape plan: disguised as her daughter with a silicone face mask, wig, tight jeans and pink shirt prepared in advance, in an attempt to get out of prison.

　　But when he left, he was too nervous and was finally seen by the prison guards.

　　The drug Lord died in the holding cell three days after he failed to escape from prison.

　　Brazilian police said that six years ago, da Silva tried to escape through the prison sewer, but was finally found by prison guards and was arrested again and held since then. This time, the "escape plan of disguised as a woman" carefully planned by him failed again, and then da Silva was transferred to the highest-level prison room. However, three days after he was transferred to the new cell, last Tuesday, the prison guards found him dead in the cell. Initial indications showed that he committed suicide, and the police have also launched an investigation into his death.

　　Gangs are fighting each other, and there’s a lot of fighting in prison

　　Da Silva, nicknamed "Shorty", is the leader of Red Command, one of the largest criminal groups in Brazil, which is based in Rio de Janeiro and controls drug smuggling in most parts of Rio. In recent years, the two largest gangs in Brazil, the "First Capital Command" and the "Red Command" headquartered in Sao Paulo, Brazil’s largest city, often compete for the drug market, grab territory, and intend to bloodbath their opponents. Countless members of both parties have been arrested in prison.

　　In the documentary "The Worst Prison in the World" broadcast in 2018, the reporter visited a Brazilian prison and learned more about their situation in prison.

　　There was an agreement between "First Capital Command" and "Red Command" that the "First Capital Command" required the other party to act according to their own rules in prison, but in 2016, the relationship between the two sides broke down, and since then, the two factions have been fighting in prison.

　　The number of prisoners in anti-drug prisons has soared.

　　Although there is no more inside information about the death of Darcy Waal, a person familiar with the matter told the British newspaper The Guardian that it was related to the chaotic internal management of the prison. In recent years, the Brazilian government has stepped up its crackdown on violence and drug-related crimes, and the number of prisoners in prisons has soared. As the fifth largest country in the world, Brazil has a population of 209 million, but the number of prisoners ranks third in the world.

　　According to Reuters, in the past 30 years, the number of prisoners serving sentences in Brazilian prisons has increased eightfold, reaching a total of about 750,000, while the national prison capacity in Brazil is only over 400,000.

　　The man named Emerson Ferreira is 29 years old. Five years ago, because he was poor, he began to deal drugs. He was arrested by the police for possessing half a kilogram of marijuana and spent five years in prison. After getting out of prison, Ferreira began to work hard because he didn’t want to go back to that violent place.

　　Emerson FerreiraIn prison, a group of people can only move in a very small cell, which is prone to violence. When you are in prison, you will feel like an animal, and you have never thought about changing the status quo. The whole legal punishment system should ensure that prisoners can reintegrate into society and become a part of society again. But prisoners are treated like animals in prison, and once they get out of prison, they will become more violent. "

　　Management chaos, prison violence happens from time to time.

　　The harsh environment, overcrowding and lack of investment and construction in education and vocational training make Brazilian prisons more like recruitment places for criminal gangs than places for rehabilitation. In addition, prison guards are underpaid and understaffed, and violent incidents occur from time to time in Brazilian prisons, and hundreds of people die every year due to violent conflicts between gangs.

　　In May this year, a two-day riot took place in four prisons in Brazilian state of Amazon, resulting in 55 deaths. The riot was caused by a conflict between two gangs.

　　The riot started in a prison in Manaus, and it happened on the morning of May 26th during the visit of relatives. Although the security forces arrived at the scene within three minutes of the incident and quelled the riot within 45 minutes. But in the end, 15 prisoners died in the riots. They were all stabbed by sharpened toothbrushes and then strangled.

　　The news seems to have quickly spread to several other prisons nearby. The next day, another 40 prisoners’ bodies were found in four prisons in the area, including four bodies from the prison where the riots occurred the day before.

　　In July, a five-hour riot occurred in a prison in Pará, northern Brazil, during which someone set fire and the fire spread rapidly. The authorities immediately dispatched police to stop it, and two of the prison guards were once taken hostage, but were later released.

　　Later, after investigation, it was found that the fuse of the incident was also because a gang member mixed into the area of another gang in the prison, which led to conflicts between the two sides. A total of 57 prisoners were killed in the riot, 16 of them were beheaded in the conflict, and the remaining 41 were suffocated by smoke.

　　Ivan de, chairman of the local human rights CommitteeWhat can be revealed to you now is that this is a struggle between rival gangs in the prison. Because so far, prisoners have not made any demands to the government, and the only requirement is to ensure their safety. "

　　Cardoso, the former Minister of Justice of Brazil, once described the prison environment in Brazil as "medieval", and he would rather die than spend a day in prison.

　　In response to the prison riots in recent months, the Brazilian authorities have taken a series of emergency measures: strengthening military security near high-risk prisons; And increase prisons in various States, and plan to build an additional 20,000 cells by the end of this year.