◆ On March 6, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the members of the agricultural sector, social welfare and social security sector who attended the Fifth Session of the 13th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and participated in the joint meeting to listen to opinions and suggestions. He stressed that it is necessary to continue to exert efforts to promote the high-quality development of social security, weave a social security safety net, and ensure the well-being of the people.

　　◆ China has basically established a fully functional social security system with social insurance as the main body, including social assistance, social welfare and social preferential treatment. The basic medical insurance covers 1.36 billion people, the basic old-age insurance covers 1.03 billion people and the industrial injury insurance covers 280 million people, making it the largest social security system in the world.

　　◆ China has completed the course that many western countries have gone through for more than 100 years in decades, and successfully built a social security system with distinctive China characteristics.

　　◆ In 2013, 27-year-old Jin Rainbow came here and became a grassroots labor security assistant. After more than two years, she went over mountains and went door to door to visit and preach, and the participation rate of endowment insurance in Lianghekou Town also increased from 66% to 100%

　　◆ The number of people participating in basic old-age insurance, unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance in China increased from 788 million, 152 million and 190 million at the end of 2012 to 1.03 billion, 230 million and 280 million at the end of March 2022, respectively.

　　◆ By the end of April, 2022, 57,300 designated medical institutions connected to the Internet were directly settled across provinces, 61,000 designated medical institutions connected to the Internet and 127,300 retail pharmacies were directly settled across provinces.

　　◆ "In the past, I could only go back to my hometown to participate in the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. Now I can participate in the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance for enterprise employees in Shenzhen in my personal capacity. The treatment is higher and more in line with the actual needs. I am ready to participate in the insurance."

　　◆ Insist on doing our best and doing what we can, continuously improve the level of social security on the basis of sustainable economic and financial growth, and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of China’s social security cause.

　　Everything is long, and people’s livelihood is great.

　　Social security is the basic institutional guarantee to protect and improve people’s livelihood, safeguard social equity and enhance people’s well-being, and it is also an important institutional arrangement to promote economic and social development and realize that the broad masses of the people share the fruits of reform and development.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has taken universal coverage of social security as the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, put the construction of social security system in a more prominent position, adhered to full coverage, guaranteed basic, multi-level and sustainable, made a series of major decisions and arrangements, and pushed the construction of China’s social security system into the fast lane.

　　China has basically established a fully functional social security system with social insurance as the main body, including social assistance, social welfare and social preferential treatment. The basic medical insurance covers 1.36 billion people, the basic old-age insurance covers 1.03 billion people and the industrial injury insurance covers 280 million people, making it the largest social security system in the world. This provides a more reliable and sufficient guarantee for the broad masses of the people and provides favorable conditions for building a well-off society in an all-round way as scheduled.

　　On March 6, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the members of the agricultural sector, social welfare and social security sector who attended the Fifth Session of the 13th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and participated in the joint meeting to listen to opinions and suggestions. He stressed that it is necessary to continue to exert efforts to promote the high-quality development of social security, weave a social security safety net, and ensure the well-being of the people.

　　"The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to the construction of the social security system, further clarifies the significance of social security and points out the next direction for us." Mo Rong, president of the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security, said.

　　On May 12, 2022, the nurse of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University comforted the little patient Ji Chunpeng who was preparing for the examination.

　　The social security system has distinctive features.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s social security system has entered a period of the greatest reform, the fastest development and the widest coverage.

　　China has completed the course that many western countries have gone through for more than 100 years in decades, and successfully built a social security system with distinctive China characteristics. The International Social Security Association awarded the "Outstanding Achievement Award of Social Security" to the government of China, and spoke highly of China’s great achievements in expanding the coverage of social security.

　　Institutional reform has been deepened. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party and The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) Conferences, the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform and other conferences have repeatedly studied and deliberated the overall plan for reforming and improving the basic old-age insurance system and the opinions on deepening the reform of the medical security system, and made a top-level design for the construction of China’s social security system, with a series of major reforms progressing steadily and in depth — —

　　Unify the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, realize the integration of the old-age insurance system for government agencies, institutions and enterprises, and form two institutional platforms for employee pension and resident pension, filling the institutional gap of some groups lacking protection;

　　Integrate the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, fully implement the serious illness insurance for urban and rural residents, set up the national medical insurance bureau, and jointly promote the "three medical linkages";

　　Establish and improve the central adjustment system of the basic old-age insurance fund for enterprise employees, balance the structural contradictions among provinces, and ease the pressure of fund payment in the central and western regions and old industrial bases;

　　Unifying the unit rate of old-age insurance and fully realizing the provincial-level co-ordination of old-age insurance have created conditions for mutual assistance in a wider scope and laid the foundation for the implementation of national co-ordination;

　　The construction of the trinity system of prevention, rehabilitation and compensation of industrial injury insurance has been actively promoted, and the functions of unemployment insurance to protect life, prevent unemployment and promote employment have been further highlighted … …

　　"The design of the social security system has been continuously improved, and the systematicness, integrity and synergy of the reform have been further enhanced. The people, regardless of urban and rural areas, regions, gender and occupations, have corresponding institutional guarantees in the face of risks such as old age, illness, unemployment, work injury, disability and poverty." Chu Fuling, director of the Social Security Research Center of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said.

　　Weave the world’s largest social security network. Xiaojin County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province was once a national poverty-stricken county, and Lianghekou Town is one of the most remote towns in Xiaojin County. In 2013, 27-year-old Jin Rainbow came here and became a grassroots labor security assistant. In the following two years, she went over the mountains and went door to door to visit and preach, and the participation rate of endowment insurance in Lianghekou Town also increased from 66% to 100%.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, around the goal of universal coverage and social security for all, China has vigorously implemented the universal enrollment plan and accurately promoted the enrollment of key groups. Thanks to the joint efforts of countless grassroots workers like Jin Rainbow, China has established the social security system with the largest number of people in the world, and established a national insurance database covering 1.39 billion people.

　　The number of people participating in basic old-age insurance, unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance in China increased from 788 million, 152 million and 190 million at the end of 2012 to 1.03 billion, 230 million and 280 million at the end of March 2022, respectively. Nearly 100 million poor people have access to basic medical care, and 60.98 million poor people who have set up files and established cards have participated in basic old-age insurance, and the participation rate has stabilized at over 99.99%, basically achieving all the insurance coverage.

　　In Fishery Village, Chenxi County, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, all 148 villagers who used to make a living by fishing went ashore. Lv Jinzhen, a 75-year-old fisherman, can now get a monthly pension of 1,680 yuan and enjoy medical insurance benefits.

　　In recent years, the relevant departments have done a good job in the old-age insurance for fishermen who have been retired from the Yangtze River and landless farmers, and continued to promote the full coverage of basic medical care and old-age insurance. About 172,000 fishermen who have been retired from key waters have participated in the basic old-age insurance, promoting the coverage of this world’s largest social security network. Continue to expand.

　　The support capacity has been significantly improved. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the income and expenditure scale of China’s social security fund has been increasing, and the fund’s support and guarantee capacity has been significantly improved.

　　In 2021, the total income and expenditure of China’s basic medical insurance fund (including maternity insurance) were 2.87 trillion yuan and 2.4 trillion yuan respectively. By the end of 2021, the accumulated balance was 3.61 trillion yuan, benefiting more than 4 billion people to seek medical treatment, which played an important role in solving the problem of difficult and expensive medical treatment for the masses, supporting the development of medical and health undertakings, maintaining social stability and promoting common prosperity.

　　By the end of March 2022, the accumulated balance of three social insurance funds, namely basic pension, unemployment and work injury, was 7.18 trillion yuan, and the fund operation was generally stable. Steadily carry out the investment and operation of the basic old-age insurance fund. By the end of 2021, the entrusted contract scale of the pension fund exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan, the annual investment income was more than 63 billion yuan, and the accumulated investment income was more than 260 billion yuan, with an average annual investment return rate close to 6.5%, which promoted the preservation and appreciation of the fund on the premise of ensuring safety.

　　In response to the aging population, China has continuously increased the strategic reserve of the national social security fund. At present, the fund’s rights and interests are about 2.5 trillion yuan, and the total state-owned capital of central enterprises and central financial institutions has been transferred to 1.68 trillion yuan.

　　In response to the COVID-19 epidemic examination, the medical insurance fund pre-allocated special funds exceeding 20 billion yuan, to ensure that patients are not affected by the cost problem, to ensure that hospitals are not affected by the payment policy, to quickly raise and pre-allocate funds for vaccine procurement, and to vaccinate more than 3.4 billion doses.

　　The system is becoming more and more perfect, the fund runs smoothly, and the system is safe and sustainable. In the past ten years, China’s social security system has been more emboldened to meet the challenges and has a stronger ability to resist risks.

　　Mujintu/Journal

　　Social security stabilizer continues to exert its strength.

　　Social security is a "safety net" and a "stabilizer", which is closely related to people’s happiness and well-being.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the level of various insurance benefits in China has been steadily improved, and the quality of service has been continuously improved, so that more people can get a sense of security, medical care and help, and play an important role in safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood.

　　Social security benefits have been steadily improved. "It will be issued on time every month, and it will increase by a hundred dollars every year." Speaking of pensions, Hui Dezhang, a retired worker from Xuancheng Building Materials Corporation, Anhui Province, is very satisfied. The old man retired in 1999 and got 399 yuan a month. Now his monthly pension has risen to 3,265 yuan, and it will rise by more than 100 yuan this year.

　　In the past ten years, China has kept the level of social security in line with economic development and steadily improved the level of various social security benefits.

　　The basic pension for retirees has been raised year after year — — The monthly per capita pension of enterprise employees increased from 1686 yuan in 2012 to 2987 yuan in 2021, benefiting more than 130 million retirees.

　　In 2022, the central government has raised the minimum standard of basic pensions for urban and rural residents four times, and all provinces have raised local basic pensions on this basis. In the first half of 2022, 12 provinces have decided to raise local basic pensions. The level of unemployment and work-related injury insurance benefits has steadily improved, and the national average monthly unemployment insurance premium level has increased from 707 yuan in 2012 to 1585 yuan in 2021.

　　The proportion of medical insurance reimbursement continues to increase — — Within the scope of employee medical insurance and residents’ medical insurance policies, the proportion of hospitalization expenses paid is about 80% and 70% respectively. The per capita financial subsidy standard of residents’ medical insurance has been raised from 240 yuan to 610 yuan, benefiting 1 billion urban and rural residents.

　　The people’s medical burden has dropped historically. The state has concentrated on purchasing 6 batches of 234 kinds of drugs with an average price reduction of 53%, and concentrated on purchasing 2 batches of consumables with an average price reduction of over 80%, thus reducing the drug consumption burden by over 500 billion yuan.

　　The bottom guarantee is solid and powerful. Wang Jingjiang, a villager in Dagao Village, Suixi County, Anhui Province, was poor due to illness, and the government paid the old-age insurance premium and arranged public welfare posts for him. "Now I have not only got rid of poverty, but also contracted 30 mu of land in the village, and my life is getting better and better." Wang Jingjiang said.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, relevant departments have paid pension and medical insurance premiums for needy groups, given appropriate priority to poor people in all aspects of social security implementation, such as pension, medical care, work injury, maternity and unemployment, and ensured that all the urban and rural minimum living allowances, people with special difficulties and low-income families should be guaranteed and rescued, and the social security network became stronger and stronger.

　　From 2017 to 2020 alone, the state paid 12.9 billion yuan to urban and rural residents for 119 million person-times. By the end of 2020, a total of 60.98 million poverty-stricken people with established files will participate in the old-age insurance, and 30.14 million poor elderly people will enjoy the old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents.

　　Nearly 100 million poor people have achieved basic medical care, and nearly 10 million poor households have achieved accurate poverty alleviation due to illness. After the overall victory in helping the fight against poverty, the protection for those in need is undiminished. In 2021, the state paid 2.68 billion yuan of old-age insurance premiums for urban and rural residents for 23.54 million needy people.

　　"The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the people’s supremacy and common prosperity, and regards improving people’s livelihood and welfare and promoting social equity as the fundamental starting point and foothold of developing social security, so that the fruits of reform and development will benefit all people more fairly." Zheng Gongcheng, president of China Social Security Society, said.

　　Service optimization is convenient and efficient. Apply for medical insurance card, cross-provincial medical record, medical insurance reimbursement, and receive unemployment insurance benefits … … Nowadays, more and more social security services can be handled at the "doorstep". Social security affairs that originally required "two places to run" can also be done across regions.

　　Rong Jingfeng, a villager who got rid of poverty in Fengjiadong Village, Shanying Town, Anyang City, Henan Province, has a personal experience: "I am inconvenient to move, and my son suffers from uremia. In the past, I asked the village cadres to drive us to the district medical insurance center to apply for medical insurance reimbursement and medical assistance. Now, you can do it without leaving the village. "

　　By the end of April, 2022, 57,300 designated medical institutions were directly settled across provinces, 61,000 designated medical institutions were directly settled across provinces, and 127,300 retail pharmacies were directly settled across provinces.

　　In addition to doing it nearby and across regions, it can also be done online. After Liu Lingzhi, a retiree from Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, applied for an electronic social security card, he can scan the code to buy medicines in some pharmacies, and the medical insurance card records and pension payment can be checked online.

　　The number of social security card holders in China has increased from 341 million at the end of 2012 to 1.355 billion. Among them, the total number of applications for electronic social security cards has exceeded 540 million, and 43 businesses, such as receiving pension qualification certification, have achieved "one network" nationwide.

　　Reducing burdens and stabilizing posts to help enterprises develop. Chongqing Jiayang Taxi Co., Ltd. received a stable return fund of 220,000 yuan. Affected by the epidemic, the income of this enterprise with more than 900 employees has decreased significantly. "The support of the government’s real money is conducive to the stable employment of enterprises." Wang Qing, head of the company, said.

　　Since the outbreak of COVID-19, China has implemented an unprecedented combination of "reducing, delaying, returning and supplementing" policies, that is, continuing to reduce unemployment and work-related injury insurance rates by stages, allowing three social insurance premiums to be postponed by stages according to regulations, improving the standard of returning unemployment insurance to qualified enterprises, making efforts to implement social security subsidies, training subsidies, etc., and making efforts to reduce burdens and relieve difficulties for enterprises, and stabilize and expand their posts.

　　For the unemployed, on the basis of regular payment of living allowance and raising the standard of unemployment insurance, we will implement the policy of expanding the coverage of unemployment insurance, so as to maximize the coverage. From January to May this year, 33.4 billion yuan of unemployment insurance benefits has been distributed to more than 5.6 million insured unemployed people.

　　In 2020, the three social insurances of pension, unemployment and work injury will reduce the burden on enterprises by 1.54 trillion yuan, accounting for 2/3 of the total amount of tax reduction and fee reduction. In 2021, unemployment and work-related injury insurance premiums will be reduced by over 150 billion yuan, unemployment insurance benefits will be paid 102.85 billion yuan, and unemployment insurance will be returned to 23.1 billion yuan. "In 2022, various social security policies are expected to release a policy dividend of 450 billion yuan." Yu Jiadong, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said.

　　On June 15, 2022, villagers in Buxia Village, Nanma Street, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province rested in the activity square of Minsheng Complex. Since 2021, Yiyuan County has built a multi-in-one people’s livelihood complex with elderly canteens, public bathrooms, central village clinics (convenience pharmacies) and convenience supermarkets as the main bodies, supplemented by other service functions. Photo by Zhu Zheng/This magazine

　　High-quality development of social security

　　There is no end to safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, only a continuous new starting point.

　　The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee defined the objectives and tasks of improving the multi-level social security system, and the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the long-term goal outline for 2035 drew a blueprint for the future development of China’s social security. In accordance with the planning and deployment, we will continue to deepen reform, strengthen the construction of social security system, persist in doing our best and do what we can, continuously improve the level of social security on the basis of sustainable economic and financial growth, and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of China’s social security cause.

　　Deepen reform and continuously improve the institutional system. Reform and innovation is an inevitable requirement to promote the social security system to be more mature and stereotyped.

　　In April, 2022, the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Development of Personal Pension was published, and the long-awaited personal pension system was officially released, which will effectively supplement the basic old-age insurance.

　　From January 1, 2022, the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees was implemented nationwide as a whole. Qi Tao, deputy director of the Department of Endowment Insurance in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that after the implementation of the national overall planning system, the current surplus and deficiency of inter-regional endowment insurance funds will be adjusted nationwide to ensure that pensions are paid in full and on time, which will solve the structural contradiction of the funds in the system and make the payment of pensions in difficult areas more secure.

　　Accelerate the promotion of provincial-level co-ordination of industrial injury and unemployment insurance, and improve the mutual assistance ability of funds; Continue to expand the scope of mutual assistance and mutual aid of medical insurance funds, and fully realize the unification of systems and policies in the city and prefecture-level overall planning areas; Focus on guiding provinces with good basic conditions to promote provincial-level overall planning of medical insurance; According to the principles of small-step adjustment, flexible implementation, classified promotion and overall consideration, we will actively and steadily promote the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age … … A series of reforms, focusing on the hard bones that restrict the construction of social security system and aiming at breaking the imbalance between regions and the structural contradictions of funds, are being promoted to deep water areas.

　　"The reform of the social security system has entered the stage of system integration, coordination and high efficiency. We must adhere to the unity and standardization of the system, adhere to the problem orientation, accurately grasp the links between reforms in all aspects of social security, social security fields and other related fields, improve overall planning and coordination, promote the legalization of social security, and ensure that all reforms form an overall synergy." Mo Rong said.

　　Highlight key points and strive to achieve universal coverage. In November, 2021, Shenzhen completely abolished the household registration restrictions for flexible employees, which encouraged Liu Xin, a Henan takeaway rider: "In the past, I could only go back to my hometown to participate in the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, but now I can participate in the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance for enterprise employees in Shenzhen in my personal capacity. The treatment is higher and more in line with the actual needs. I am going to participate in the insurance."

　　"Full coverage" means that all residents can participate in the corresponding social insurance and get basic security according to their own conditions, which is one of the basic policies for the construction of China’s social security system.

　　In January 2022, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued the Notice on Launching the Pilot Work of Occupational Injury Protection for Employees with New Employment Forms, and launched the pilot work of occupational injury protection for employees with new employment forms in seven provinces such as Beijing and Hainan, and seven Internet platform enterprises in the fields of travel, take-away and instant delivery, so that take-away riders and online car drivers can enjoy basically the same protection treatment as industrial injury insurance.

　　In addition, accurately implement the national insurance plan, improve the social insurance system for migrant workers, flexible employees and new employees, and promote the widest coverage; Promote small and medium-sized enterprises and key groups to actively participate in insurance and continue to pay fees, and guide more people to participate in insurance for a long time … … A series of measures have brought more people into the social security system, and the construction of a fairer and more sustainable social security system in China has been continuously promoted.

　　Strengthen supervision and keep "pension money" and "life-saving money". Perfecting the supervision system of social security funds in accordance with the law, preventing and resolving fund operation risks and maintaining fund safety are related to every "pension money", "life-saving money" and every "rescue money" and "charity money" of the people.

　　On May 1, 2021, the first medical insurance administrative regulation "Regulations on the Supervision and Management of the Use of Medical Insurance Funds" came into effect, aiming at solving the problems in the supervision and management of the use of medical insurance funds by means of the rule of law and becoming an effective attempt to improve the standardization, standardization and legalization of administrative law enforcement. In less than a year, the new version of "Administrative Supervision Measures for Social Insurance Funds" was promulgated and implemented, focusing on the main risks and key links in the management of social insurance funds, and refining all kinds of fraudulent insurance situations and related legal responsibilities.

　　Since 2018, the medical insurance fund has been fully inspected for three consecutive years and specially rectified for four consecutive years. The cumulative inspection of designated medical institutions has exceeded 2.4 million times, handling nearly 1.15 million times, exposing 120,000 cases, and recovering funds of 58.3 billion yuan. The crackdown is unprecedented. In 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security organized a special rectification of the management of social security funds throughout the system, focusing on the problems of internal personnel taking embezzlement and misappropriation of social security funds and external personnel defrauding insurance and taking more money, playing a series of combination punches, organizing on-site inspections in 27 provinces, and seriously investigating violations of laws and regulations that encroach on funds with a "zero tolerance" attitude.

　　On a new journey, social security work will adhere to the people-centered development idea, promote high-quality and sustainable development of social security with greater reform courage and more positive enterprising spirit, continuously enhance people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security, and lay a solid foundation for people to create a better life.

　　Text | "Outlook" Newsweek reporter Jiang Lin published in the 28th issue of "Outlook" in 2022.

　　　　 Awesome Mix Vol.1, a collection of original songs, cleverly chose the old tape drive in the movie as the album cover. Handwritten album names, old cassettes, yellowed colors and the rigid metallic texture of the tape drive have drawn a clear line with the conventional soundtracks that show off fashion and technology. It was even suggested that Marvel Comics release the original soundtrack on tape this time. At the same time, these old songs also tell us that Star-Lord’s mother’s youth is in the vibrant 1970s in the history of western pop music.

　　　　 Let’s open Star-Lord’s carry-on treasure and see what this guy has hidden:

Blue Swede— — 《Hooked On A Feeling》

　　　　 "Fool around, fool around, fool around … …” Brainwashing rhythm comes from Blue Swede, an old band famous for covering other people’s works in the 1970s. This old song called Hooked On A Feeling was covered by B.J.Thomas, a country pop singer in the 1960s. It was in 1969 that B.J.Thomas became famous for this song. Since then, there have been few excellent works (it is worth mentioning that in 2013, this uncle played the same tune, changed this song to duet and published it again). Blue Swede, a little-known band, cooked a plate of creative cold rice in 1974, and put a hat of "labor song" on the original regular and fresh folk style, and it has been out of control ever since — — At that time, the charts could still influence the artistic life of musicians. With this song, Blue Swede won the American charts in one fell swoop and once won the charts of the Netherlands, Canada and Australia. Even in Great Britain, which has always hated Americans, it was not until Jonathan King, an old singer, made a move that he barely pushed them off the top.

　　　　 Think this song looks familiar? You are not mistaken, it once appeared in quentin tarantino’s famous work Reservoir Dogs (01: 16: 28); This song was also quoted in ally mcbeal, a popular legal soap opera in the 1990s. Although the versions quoted by different film and television works are different, they are still repeatedly mentioned after 45 years of history, which shows their timeless classic magic.

　　In the 40 years of reform and opening up, China has undergone earth-shaking changes, and "Made in China" and "Built in China" are world-renowned. The picture shows the Hong Kong section of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Lu Xiaoyu photo

　　Zheng keyang

　　Consultant of World Socialism Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences and former deputy director of Central Policy Research Office.

　　Ten years ago, I led several comrades to systematically study the glorious course and valuable experience of party building in the 30 years of reform and opening up. At that time, my view was this:

　　The successful convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee in 1978 marked the beginning of a new historical period characterized by reform and opening up. Thirty years have passed since then. This is the thirty years that our Party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups in China to rise up in difficulties, constantly open up a new road of China’s characteristics, create a new situation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s modernization, open up a new realm of Marxism in China, and create a miracle of national development. This is also the thirty years that the Party has made great progress on its magnificent journey, persisted in theoretical innovation and practical innovation, and constantly pushed forward the new great project of Party building.

　　Today, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and we stand at a new starting point of historical development to review the 40 years of reform and opening up. In many important speeches, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has profoundly expounded the historical characteristics of the 40-year reform and opening up, the background of the times, the main characteristics of the development process, the great achievements made, the China miracle created, the profound impact on the world, and incisively summarized the basic experience. During this time, the media has been promoting these important ideas of the General Secretary.

　　one

　　Studying the important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, reviewing the glorious course of China’s reform and opening up for 40 years and the profound changes it has brought, and truly thinking about it and commemorating it, I think we should work hard in three aspects:

　　First, a realistic, comprehensive and profound understanding of the world miracle of national development created by the great revolution of reform and opening up and the miracle created in the history of human social development. Today, China still faces many problems, but it took only 40 years of struggle for a big eastern country with a large population and unbalanced development, which once lagged behind developed capitalist countries for one hundred and twenty years, to win such changes today. How remarkable it is. Recognizing this clearly will help us to enhance our self-confidence.

　　Entering a new era and continuing to advance towards the goal of "two hundred years", we must strengthen our confidence in Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theory, system and culture. Each of these "four self-confidences" is derived from the Party leading the people to persist in practical innovation and theoretical innovation. Therefore, I think that we should strengthen the "four self-confidences" and add a confidence in the party. 40 years of reform and opening up, 40 years of opening up the road to Socialism with Chinese characteristics, all the achievements can not be separated from the party’s leadership and party building. Otherwise, nothing can be said.

　　The second is to answer a question, that is, over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, the Party has led the people to unite as one, forge ahead with perseverance, and create a miracle all over the world. Why can China? The achievements of 40 years of reform and opening-up are, of course, based on the achievements of 30 years after the founding of New China. Without the foundations of the previous 30 years, including institutional, political and material foundations, and valuable lessons, it is impossible to have the glory of the latter 40 years. The reform and opening up in the last 40 years is indeed unprecedented, comprehensive and profound, and it is a 40-year period in which the country has undergone earth-shaking changes. China, which was once looked down upon by people, and China, which some people once asserted would "fail" and "collapse", has now created a miracle of national development and its international status is getting closer to the center of the world! Why can China? Be sure to answer. Not only foreigners want to solve this problem, but many countries also want to learn from China’s wisdom and China’s plan and make good use of China’s opportunities. As far as we are concerned, it is absolutely important for us to answer this question well, learn wisdom and strength from it, improve our own quality and strengthen the determination of reform, and carry forward the past into the future in the new era, realize the Chinese dream along the road pioneered in the past 40 years, and shoulder the responsibility of the times.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed that learning history is not learning abstract and fragmented stories, but the most important thing is to cherish and remember the valuable experience of great struggles and great victories in the extraordinary historical process. People born before and after the reform and opening up are now in their thirties and forties, which is the most dynamic force in our society. They have grown up and benefited from the reform and opening up, and they will be handed down from generation to generation in the alternation of old and new generations, so as to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In order to shoulder this historical responsibility and write a brilliant life, they should not only inherit this cause, but also seriously inherit the valuable experience of China miracle "Why", especially the valuable experience of Marxism in China, and make good use of it in the new era.

　　三是要用世界视野、历史眼光，站在时代制高点上看待新时代中国共产党人肩负的历史使命。既要勇于和善于领导和推动改革开放这场社会主义自我完善与发展的伟大革命，又要勇于和善于自我革命、自我革新、自我完善、自我提升。四十年成就辉煌非常可贵，值得自豪，但是我们不可自满，更不能自傲。世界在发展变化，时代进步潮流势不可挡，当前面临的严峻挑战，我们党必须应对，必须更好地把领导伟大社会革命和强化自我革命结合起来，寓改造主观世界于改造主观世界的过程之中，用改造主观世界的成效推进改造客观世界的发展。成功办好内部的事情，成功应对外部挑战，都要解决好自身的问题，解决好自我革命的问题，这样我们才更有成功的把握。

　　二

　　四十年来，以中国特色社会主义为主题，以改革开放为主要特征的伟大革命，深刻改变了中国，深刻影响了世界。中国改革开放成功的经验丰富得很，都很重要。对此可以多角度观察和思考。我感到，其中有一条特别重要，就是从邓小平同志发起改革开放伟大革命那时候到现在，我们党的历届中央领导，都一以贯之、坚定不移地推动马克思主义中国化的发展创新。

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s miracle, in essence, embodies the miracle that scientific socialism is deeply rooted, flourishing and fruitful in China, and fully demonstrates its unique advantages. It is also a miracle that Marxism in China is constantly innovating and developing under the new historical conditions. This revolution, characterized by reform and opening up, is a revolution of socialist self-improvement and development, involving all fields from productivity to production relations, from economic base to superstructure. Through reform and opening up, it has promoted the transformation of social contradictions in line with its own laws of movement and achieved extensive, complex and deepening social progress and change. This social change in China is taking place in the ever-changing international environment. We insist on deepening domestic reforms to promote the expansion and deepening of opening up, and at the same time develop and upgrade internal reforms through opening up, thus ensuring the success of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause. It’s hard to do such a big thing well! Looking back on the course of 40 years’ reform and opening-up, we can see that this is inseparable from the success and innovation of our Party in adhering to and developing Marxism in China under the new historical conditions.

　　?

　　?

　　?The way forward, basic principles and strategic deployment; It has become a major decision of the Party to strengthen self-construction to meet the requirements of the times and mission, to strictly manage the Party in an all-round way, and to maintain the Party’s advanced nature and purity. More importantly, the China theory of Marxism has been transformed into the common understanding and positive actions of the whole party and people, and it has become a powerful force for promoting reform and opening up and healthy economic and social development. The miracle of China’s 40-year reform and opening-up is precisely the result of adhering to and developing Marxism in China. It is precisely because of this that the party and the people have always adhered to the goal and road of the great revolution without turning and stopping, and they are not weak or afraid of difficulties in dealing with risks and challenges, so that we can solve some seemingly unsolvable problems and cross some seemingly insurmountable ditches. The most remarkable thing about the China-ization of Marxism is here.

　　The sinicization of Marxism in China is a long process of mutual promotion and unremitting struggle between theoretical innovation and practical innovation. It’s easier said than done. However, it turned into a miracle in China. What does this depend on? I think the key lies in the party. The deep key factor is that our party has always had a mature, strong, United and enterprising central leadership collective and a core that won the hearts and minds of the party and the people of all ethnic groups over the past 40 years, leading the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups to constantly make self-revolution and self-innovation in the great social changes, and formed a set of Marxist good ideas, methods, styles and systems.

　　The first one is that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed that we must treat Marxism with a Marxist attitude and science with a scientific attitude. Marxism is a scientific truth, and we firmly believe it. It points out the direction and provides ideological weapons for guiding practice and developing truth. We must learn, believe and use Marxism and its theoretical innovation achievements in China, grasp the essence and essence, and combine learning with learning. Never blame Marxism for your mistakes because you didn’t learn and use them well, just like falling down on a bicycle, instead of reflecting on yourself, you blame the bicycle for being bad. When studying and applying, we should correctly grasp the complex situation and contradictory struggle in the ideological field, consciously adhere to the truth, correct mistakes, and resolutely resist and oppose the interference and infiltration of non-Marxist and anti-Marxist ideas. We should inherit and carry forward the spirit of Yan ‘an rectification in our study.

　　Secondly, the process of persisting in developing Marxism and realizing Marxism in China is regarded as the practice of implementation — Understanding and practicing again — The process of recognizing this line again. This is not something that can be accomplished once or several times, but an endless process of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times. Because, practice is developing, theory is developing, knowledge is developing and sublimating, and so is the promotion of Marxism in China. We should guide the new practice with the developed and sublimated theoretical understanding again and again, and then develop and deepen the theoretical understanding again and again in the new practice.

　　Third, we must adhere to the fundamental working line of "from the masses to the masses" to promote the China of Marxism. Marxist scientific truth comes from people’s social practice; Only by returning to people’s social practice can its truth power be displayed and the development of truth itself be realized. The Party leads the people to launch and promote the socialist self-improvement reform and opening-up, and promotes the China-ization of Marxism. From beginning to end, it insists on doing everything for the people, firmly trusting the masses, relying on them and learning from them. At the same time, it unites the masses, publicizes and organizes them, guides and leads them to make unremitting efforts to realize their own interests, and constantly promotes the modernization and popularization of Marxism. This is how China’s wisdom, China’s plan, China’s strength and China’s spirit of reform and opening up were obtained. If not, there will never be a contemporary miracle of China’s development and change.

　　第四是，马克主义中国化正确决策的形成和有效执行，必须有科学的组织制度来保证。中国共产党的力量，在于她是一支以马克思主义为指导、具有共同理想和奋斗目标，并在这个基础上用民主集中制组织起来、采取共同行动的战斗部队。民主基础上的集中与集中指导下的民主相结合，是马克思主义关于共产党的根本组织原则在组织制度上的中国化创新。正是凭借这个优势，激发和凝聚党心、党智、党力，来开辟中国特色社会主义道路，推进马克思主义中国化，又把中国化的马克思主义化成党的一系列重大决策，化成全党全国人民的共同行动，才能避免大的失误，才能不断攻坚克难，创造出改革开放的中国奇迹。

　　中国共产党的这些特有优势，在党的十八大以来几年中，得到了更充分的发扬，展现得更为耀眼，取得的成就也更大、更多、更好。

　　三

　　当今世界，人民要和平、求发展、促合作、谋共赢的时代主题没有变，合力促进大发展、大变革、大调整的趋势日渐增加，各种矛盾也更加复杂多变，国际竞争日益加剧。中国进入了新时代，坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的总布局、总战略，全面深化改革，进一步扩大开放，也面临新问题，提出了新要求。机遇难得而可贵，挑战严峻而现实。越是这样，领导伟大革命的党就越要勇于和善于自我革命。

　　近些年来，最高领袖总书记多次强调领导伟大革命的党，一定要搞好自我革命、自我革新、自我净化。这是一个反映政党建设规律的极其重要的指示和要求。一个成功领导伟大革命的党，必须是也只能是勇于和善于自我革命的党。中国共产党从小到大、由弱到强，经历了那么多世间少见的风险、困难和挑战，能够走到今天，成为长期稳固掌握国家政权、领导人民创造世界奇迹的党，就是因为这个党坚持一贯把领导伟大革命、进行伟大斗争同勇于自我革命、自我革新紧紧联系在一起，相互促进才做到的。这也是改革开放四十年来，我们党能变得更加成熟、更加团结、更加坚强有力的重要原因和宝贵经验。

　　At present, the whole party is continuing to implement the Party’s 19th National Congress and the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and in accordance with the general requirements of strengthening Party building in the new era, the overall deployment will promote the comprehensive and strict management of the Party to develop in depth and extend to the grassroots. At this moment, it is very important to improve the scientific level of party building and the quality of work, and it is even more necessary to carry forward the self-revolutionary spirit of Marxist political parties and promote the great cause and the great project.

　　To strictly manage the party in an all-round way, we must put the party’s political construction in the first place and lead all aspects of the party’s construction with political construction. The politics that our Party talks about is Marxist politics, people’s politics and Socialism with Chinese characteristics politics. It requires party member cadres to establish correct political positions and beliefs, adhere to correct political views and directions, and improve political discernment and political sensitivity. Arming the whole Party with the achievements of Marxism in China, especially the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, is the most important and important thing to guide the Party’s construction with political construction. True learning, true belief, true use and true practice are the places that must be strengthened to do this well. With comprehensive measures, we should strengthen the political, principled and combative nature of inner-party life, form a good and lasting political ecological environment, and promote party member cadres to constantly innovate, purify, improve and improve themselves.

　　Effective self-revolution must have a strong sense of problems. The self-revolution of Party organizations and cadres in party member is a process of resolving and resolving contradictions. If we don’t face up to the problems and solve contradictions, we can’t make self-revolution. At present, there are still many problems in the Party that do not meet the requirements of the new era, new tasks and new great struggles. Some outstanding problems have not been fundamentally solved, some have been repeated, and some problems have been extended at the grassroots level. To effectively solve the problem, we must continue to combine the top and bottom, and the determination to strictly manage the party will remain unchanged, the standards will not drop, and the intensity will not decrease. Comprehensively and systematically combine education, supervision, encouragement and law and discipline. All these tasks must be linked to comprehensively deepening reform, expanding and deepening opening up, and promoting sustained and steady economic and social development. For their own "peace", some cadres in party member are not conscientious and responsible in their posts to varying degrees, avoiding problems and circumventing contradictions, but the relevant party organizations and leading comrades turn a blind eye to this. Why is that? There are many reasons, among which the popularity of good humanism and the resulting formalism is an important reason. These two accumulated disadvantages have done a lot of harm to promoting self-revolution. If we don’t get rid of these two problems, and the spirit of taking responsibility is weak, the self-revolution will become empty talk.

　　It is particularly important to emphasize that organizations and departments in charge of party building should have the spirit of self-revolution. There is a phenomenon that although some comrades in some departments often emphasize the need to have a sense of problems in managing the party, they often accuse the existence of one problem or another, but the long-standing problems in their own units or subordinate organizations have not been solved for a long time. This should be asked, what are the problems of their superiors and the departments in charge of the party? Have you solved it? Only when the superior leaders really assume the responsibility of managing the party and being brave in self-revolution, can they promote others’ self-revolution and strictly manage the party.

　　Of course, the revolutionary spirit needed to strictly manage the party is the unity of revolutionary and scientific. Strictly administering the Party according to such requirements is naturally a combination of strict management and enthusiasm for cadres and party member. Years of experience tell us that as long as we are selfless and fearless, fair and honest with people and practical, and fully and accurately implement the Party’s cadre policy, we can handle the merits and demerits of each comrade objectively and fairly, implement the Party’s policies and disciplines seriously and appropriately, reward the diligent and punish the lazy, reward the meritorious and punish the good and discard the bad, and use the correct policy orientation to educate and supervise party member cadres to strictly abide by the bottom line and inspire and protect their spirit of reform, innovation and courage to take responsibility. With such perseverance, we will certainly be able to create a lasting, good and dynamic inner-party political ecological environment, effectively give play to the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of the whole party, and vigorously carry forward the spirit of courage to take responsibility, and we will be more sure of winning the great victory in the new era.

　　(Reporter Wei Shu, Bai Tianliang, Li Wei recorded)

foreword

Guangmao, since fttp, this is the gateway for every household to access the Internet. But not many people pay attention to it.

This paper mainly talks about a simple way to change the light cat, based on the principle that you can not get telecomadmin, and you can not brush mac.

In fact, for many families in fttp, their light cats are older, and all LAN ports are only 100 megabytes. This has caused many users to pay 200M optical fiber, and actually enjoy 90M broadband, but they can’t enjoy the use feeling brought by speed increase. Even if 100Mb/S optical fiber (equivalent to computer display value of 12.5MB/S), and 100 MB port, only about 90M optical fiber downlink rate (equivalent to 11.25MB/S), so the old 100 MB optical cat has become a bottleneck for users.

The state requires operators to speed up and reduce fees. At present, most families upgrade to 100 M optical fiber for free, and there are not a few 200M optical fibers. Developed areas are already laying out 500-1000M, which is believed to gradually spread to tens of thousands. Therefore, the replacement of gigabit light cats is a problem that every household will face sooner or later. I have tossed a light cat many times, and I will share my experience with my friends and myself. Four methods range from simple to complex:

Finally, it is not recommended to buy old light cats. Electronic components such as optical modules and CPU of light cats have a long life, and the failure rate of second-hand light cats will be higher. When something goes wrong with the light cat, you will be crazy (especially for netizens with poor foundation).

When recommending a wireless router, I choose the one I have used and think it is good. If I haven’t used it, I dare not talk nonsense … My principles for choosing a router are: 1. Stability. 2. The performance is quite good. 3. When the signal strength is sufficient, choose the router that meets the national SRRC low radiation standard.

Method of replacing light cat 1 — — Replace the rented light cat

Scope of application and evaluation of methods:

Applicable object: Telecom/Netcom and other operators rent light cats to you.

How easy it is to change a light cat: simple

Recommended degree: 5 stars

Degree of expenditure: only due to the region.

Disadvantages: Need patience to communicate with customer service and technicians, and even need to use unconventional means.

Replacement steps

　

▲ First of all, first confirm that your light cat is a 100-megabit light cat? Everyone’s model varies from person to person, but the nameplate on the back of the light cat will not deceive people. Look through the nameplate on the back of the light cat and find out the model. Is this light cat a 100-megabit light cat or a gigabit light cat under Baidu? Huawei HG8245C like me is a 100-megabit light cat.

If you are a 100M/200M optical fiber user, you can call the optical fiber communication operator, of course, you should report your broadband account number, and the opposite manual customer service may verify the personal information of the householder. After the customer service confirmed that it was correct, we declared to the human customer service that we used the speed measuring software to measure it, but it did not reach the nominal fiber speed. I just looked at the nameplate on the back of the light cat and found that it was a 100-megabit light cat. My light cat was rented from you. Could you help me replace it with a gigabit light cat?

The key points you need to consult later: whether it costs to replace the rented light cat, what conditions are needed, and when will an outside technician contact you. Generally, the rental is to replace the Gigabit light cat for free.

The rest you just need to wait for the technician to come to your door and ask him to help you replace the Gigabit light cat, and you just need to stand by and provide corresponding assistance to the technician in time (basically no assistance).

Method of replacing light cat 2 — — Rang telecom daigou guangmao

summarize

Applicable object: Except all optical fiber users who rent optical cats.

How easy it is to change a light cat: simple

Recommended degree: 5 stars

Spending degree: slightly higher, the cost varies from region to region, but there are matching discounts. For example, in Xiamen, the cheapest light cat is paid 279 yuan in one lump sum, and Xiamen Telecom will refund the phone bill to 240 yuan in 24 months.

Disadvantages: the quality of light cats is average.

Replacement steps

Call the optical fiber communication service provider, contact the human customer service, and then verify the identity. Explain to the customer service that you bought your own 100-megabit optical cat and want to replace it. Do you provide the service of purchasing and replacing optical cats? Customer service will generally say yes, and then check the quotation sheet of light cat.

At this time, you need to ask if there are any matching discounts. If there are, you can consider whether to replace the light cat (after all, the phone bill deduction varies from person to person and from region to region). If you are interested, you can register with customer service, and an outside staff member will contact you and come to replace the light cat within 3 working days.

The rest is the same as before. The disadvantage is that the quality of light cats is average.

Method of replacing light cat 3 — — Taobao/Tmall self-purchased area limited light cats

Method evaluation

Applicable object: In addition to renting all optical fiber users of Light Cat, we are also pursuing the brand and quality of Light Cat.

How easy it is to change a light cat: It can be as simple as it is to look at the face.

Recommended degree: 3 stars

Cost: 150~250 yuan.

Disadvantages: there is no discount on the overall expenditure. If Loid is successful, it will be very smooth. If Loid is in trouble, it needs to be tossed. Light cat bridging/dialing settings need to be configured by yourself.

Point: Be sure to buy a brand new one! Be sure to buy a brand new one! Be sure to buy a brand new one, and it was made in the last 12 months.

Replacement steps

I asked our outside customer service manager before, and I asked him if you bought Huawei light cats. The manager saidno. What about ZTE? The manager also answered no. What about the bonfire? I didn’t have ………., and then I said what brand. I forgot … In the field of optical communication, Huawei is the strongest in China, followed by ZTE. Huawei uses Huawei, which can make the light cat more stable, and basically does not need to restart. Of course, Huawei’s light cat is also more expensive.

▲ First of all, of course, go to Tmall/Taobao to buy your favorite big brand light cat. Remember to confirm whether it is EPON or GPON. For example, I bought Huawei’s customized version of Fujian Telecom HS8145C (EPON). You can save a lot of trouble if you buy a custom-made light cat from the communication operator where you belong.

▲ Before the light cat arrives, you must first write down your Loid and password (both of them can be copied, copied into txt, stored in sections, and then copied). This is the key.

▲ Only one port of ▲HS8145C is Gigabit, and the rest are 100 megabits. The location of the specific Gigabit port will be different due to different models. Please ask the seller. If there is a wireless router, let the wireless router occupy the Gigabit port first. In the initial setting, our computer only needs to access the 100 Gigabit port. If the optical cat is directly connected to the PC, let the main PC directly connect to the Gigabit port. Then remove the protective sleeve of the optical fiber port and plug in the optical fiber (never break the optical fiber), plug in the telephone with a telephone and plug in the itv with an itv. Remember to take a photo of the nameplate of the new light cat, which will be needed later.

▲ Open the browser, enter 192.168.1.1 in the address bar (this is usually the case for light cats, if you are not clear, you can consult the seller), and then you will enter the light cat registration and certification page. Then enter/paste the Loid and password you recorded before. Then click OK, and you can get Loid.

Loid will encounter three situations.

▲ Situation 1: Very smooth, the whole process is very fast, about 20~60 seconds, the light cat registered successfully, and downloaded the settings from the server. If you encounter this situation, you will be very comfortable and you can watch the final steps.

▲ Situation 2: It gets stuck during the registration process. Personally, don’t move, wait for the light cat to end automatically. After about 600 seconds, either the registration is successful and distributed, or the registration fails and the Loid is renewed.

▲ In case 3, during the registration process, "The terminal has been registered on the ITMS platform, please find the support manager to handle it and re-register." What you have to do at this time is to call the customer service phone of the communication operator or the technician/account manager of this community. I told the customer service/technician/account manager that I bought a customized version of the light cat in my own area and was replacing it. I asked for technical support. If it is customer service, it will help you register your phone number and place an order with the technician. After receiving the reply, you should generally provide your own LOID or broadband account at this time, and provide the last 6 machine codes of the light cat.

Of course, the technician will add your WeChat, please provide some information about the light cat LOID and tell you what you know.

Under normal circumstances, the technician will ask you to re-LOid and keep it, then contact some support to help you solve the problem, and then you can generally get rid of LOid and download the configuration successfully. Light cat registered successfully.

If it doesn’t work, it’s estimated that the technicians will come to the door, hahahahahaha. To be honest, the technicians of broadband operators have a very good attitude. If they are installed on the same day and repaired on the same day, they will usually help you solve it for free. Remember to be nice to the technicians/customer service. After all, they don’t smile at people. After all, people also work to make money.

If you want to be quick, you can try to contact a little support, but to be honest, without relevant query software, you can’t find out where the problem card is and whether the light cat is connected to the outside line. I recommend letting technicians help you remotely.

Follow-up setting of light cat configuration

▲ After getting the distributed data correctly, we need to enter 192.168.1.1 in the browser (if it is not this, it is behind the nameplate), and then we will see this interface, and we will find the — — Quick maintenance entrance, and then enter the account password behind the nameplate, you can enter the maintenance entrance of Guangmao.

▲ After we refresh for a while, we can see the various states of the light cat. If we are experts, we can capture a lot of information on this page.

▲ Then, manually configure the dialing mode of the optical cat. If there is a wireless router, select the bridging mode. If it is directly connected to the computer, select the optical cat to dial. You can only choose one of the above two situations. If you forget what dialing method you are, you can consult a technician. For example, if we want to dial by bridge in Xiamen, we need to switch to bridge mode+light cat bridge+router dial in the computer room. Please consult the customer service or technician for the situation in each place.

▲ Then choose whether to turn on the wireless WiFi of Guangmao. If only one person uses it or the budget is insufficient, you can choose to use the WiFi of Guangmao, and then set the WiFi name and password. However, the WiFi of the optical cat is only 2.4G band, and the rate is generally 300Mb/S (equivalent to 37.5MB/S on the computer side, and any wireless network card will eat up the wireless bandwidth), which will increase the burden of the optical cat and shorten its service life. I have a wireless router at the back end, so I choose to turn off the WiFi of the optical cat here to reduce radiation and interference, and at the same time move the dialing to the wireless router AC86U, so that the optical cat can only do the bridging function, so that it can basically support the 10 Gigabit optical cat+10 Gigabit router.

▲ Then you can choose whether to change the password of the light cat. If you need to change the login password of the light cat, you must tick the red arrow. Personal recommendation changes to improve security. What? Are you afraid to forget? Don’t be afraid, consult the seller or the technician, they can help you find the password, and their software+equipment is miraculous.

▲ Finally, the change interface will be displayed. Click OK to make all the settings before taking effect.

▲ Click the "Status" tab in the red box in turn — — "User side information" — — "Ethernet Interface Information" should confirm whether Gigabit port is used by wireless router or main computer. For example, my gigabit port is used by wireless routers.

▲ Another very important thing to note is to click on the red box "Network" tab. At this time, we need to remember the initial ip distribution and the termination of ip distribution. This is very important for computers that can’t connect automatically or the wireless router settings at the back end! ! ! Remember it, or take a screenshot.

▲ The router ip should fall within the IP distribution range of the optical cat, otherwise the router can’t bridge the dialing, and we can’t access the Internet. Remember! ! ! ! Then click Apply this interface setting.

This concludes method 3.

Method of replacing light cat 4 — — Command+firmware bottom modification for second-hand optical cats

pay attention to

This method has a high threshold, is very difficult, takes the most time, and needs to be tried many times. Personally, this method is highly recommended, and it doesn’t save much money, and it also bears the pressure when family members can’t get online. But I’d better show others this method. It will take at least 2~6 hours to modify this method. I will change, but I don’t want to do this. Wouldn’t it be better to spend that time with my family? )

Finally, it is not recommended to buy old ones. The optical module, CPU and other electronic components of the optical cat have a long life. When something goes wrong with the optical cat, you will be crazy (especially for netizens with poor foundation).

Home wireless network layout — — Insufficient budget

▲ If the budget is insufficient, if you don’t consider buying a router for the time being, start using the WiFi of the optical cat first, but I think this is only temporary, because the most important function of the optical cat is photoelectric conversion, and that WiFi is only 300M, just a wireless network card will be eaten up, and it will increase the burden on the optical cat. Moreover, the cheap light cat only has a single gigabit. If you want 4 Gigabits and need to increase the budget, you might as well buy a wireless router directly. Moreover, there are many signals in 2.4G, and the interference is very serious, so it is easy to cause disconnection due to interference.

I installed the wireless router below 300 yuan for my relatives.

Seriously, I only consider two routers, one is ASUS and the other is Netware. Although the 3G of Xiaomi router is very cost-effective, the stability of Xiaomi router depends on its face, and the two Gigabit LAN ports have not passed the national mandatory standard SRRC certification. Some netizens responded that they frequently dropped the line during use.

▲SRRC is a national mandatory standard, which is more in line with national conditions.

▲ I installed this RT-AC1200GU for my relative before, and I told him that the stability, four gigabit ports and proper signal strength are worth the 100 yuan price difference. After all, it has passed the SRRC standard and is more secure. Four Gigabit ports are more scalable and can be used on nas/PS4 and other devices. Moreover, there is a 2.4G+5G dual band, which allows the notebook to connect with 5G signals and enjoy faster speed.

Moreover, ASUS’s UI interface is refreshing, simple and intuitive, with many interesting functions.

Two 450~500 yuan routers I used.

One is RH17 of the Qualcomm scheme, and the other is the middle-end explosion king — — Broadcom scheme 66UB1.

▲ In contrast, RH17 is cheap, with a theoretical maximum speed of 400M+1733M, and supports Qualcomm mu-mimo. Each WiFi has an independent WiFi processor, but there is no Merlin firmware. But there is no problem in the use of ordinary families. In terms of overweight load, 66UB1 is more compressive than RH17.

My RH17 was finally taken by my friend. My friend’s former friend router was very unstable, and dropped calls and dropped packets frequently. My friend’s older sister always yelled at my friend. The friend himself said, "Since the router was changed, his elder sister didn’t yell at him. The signal was good and the laptop was connected quickly, which was very worthwhile."

▲66UB1, the mid-range explosion king, is very practical, with merlin, low fever, very stable performance and very affordable price. I believe netizens also highly recommend this model.

I just started RT-AC86U+ USB-AC68 recently.

66UB1 is a very cost-effective router, and it was my main router. However, my relative’s router was broken, and his family needed a higher-performance router, so he took my 66UB1 away. When buying a router, I updated and iterated RT-AC86U for these devices, considering that my family has recently acquired a lot of high-throughput wireless devices.

▲RT-AC86U, now JD.COM only needs 799, which is very good value. After passing the SRRC low radiation certification, Broadcom dual-core 1.8G will bring better wireless network control.

▲ The signal coverage capacity of ▲AC86U can cover approximately 120 ~ 130m2 under the SRRC national standard. Supporting AiRadar signal concentration technology will make WiFi more stable and faster. The maximum support is 1024qam (2.4g) 750mb/s 1024qam (5g) 2167mb/s.

▲ Classic red and black color scheme, AC86U. I like it very much. It is a vertical router and stands stably, which can save ground space.

▲ Three separate antennas, which can be hemispherical at the top.

▲ Just plug the antenna into these three antenna ports, and the whole router is still quite high in height.

▲ There is a WiFi switch button and a WPS button on the right side of the router.

▲ The vertical router has an advantage, that is, it is very convenient to connect/unplug the USB power cord and network cable, and at the same time, the vertical router can also have quite good heat dissipation space.

▲ There is a reset/restart button at the top of the left, a power button, a power socket, a USB 2.0 USB 3.0 interface, and a blue WAN port, with an LED light control button in the middle and an acrylic ASUS LOGO at the bottom.

▲ On the right side are four Gigabit LAN ports, marked with yellow.

▲ The indicator light at the bottom of the front of the ▲86U is white in normal operation, turned off when not in use, and red in case of failure.

▲ There is a large rubber anti-slip sticker at the bottom, which can make the 86U stand stably.

▲ A transformer with an output voltage of 19V, an output current of 1.75A and an output power of 33.25W

▲AC86U also supports MU-MIMO of Broadcom scheme. When multiple Broadcom mu-mimo devices are connected to 86U at the same time, the throughput will be parallel, reducing the delay of each device and improving the effect and speed of WiFi access.

▲ ASUS USB-AC68 is a USB3.0 mobile network card, which can access one of 2.4G or 5G WiFi signals, support transmission speed of 600+1300 Mb/s, and support mu-mimo of Broadcom scheme.

▲ Compared with the AC1900 network card of pci-e, the USB network card has the advantages of no need to shut down, plug and play after installing the driver, and also supports notebook expansion. 600+1300Mbps, if the light is seen from the transmission speed of 5G, it can already surpass the wired transmission of Gigabit LAN.

▲ Accessories list

▲ Plug in the USB protective cover and fold the antenna. The whole USB-AC68 can be held in the palm of your hand.

▲ Open the top two antennas decorated with red Maya patterns, which is the signature style of AC68. There are two built-in antennas inside the Maya pattern in the middle, and there are four antennas in AC68U.

▲ All adopt USB3.0 Type A interface, and there will be no bottleneck in transmission speed.

▲ After the assembly, this is the signature action.

▲ Come on, let’s just say that we don’t practice the fake style and serve food.

My wireless network settings

▲ Generally speaking, when a new router arrives, it needs to be initialized. I use the optical cat bridge dialing and dial at AC86U. The optical cat’s WiFi is turned off, and the optical cat is only used for photoelectric conversion+bridging, which can liberate the optical cat to the greatest extent and prolong its life. Then set 2.4G and 5G separately to form two independent signals. Of course, it is also possible not to separate. AC86U supports automatic switching signal technology and can be automatically allocated by itself.

▲ After setting, enter the main interface, and the status of the whole router can be seen at a glance. ….. Wait, I don’t think I connected the NAS. I’ll get the NAS.

One more thing, Merlin firmware is not suitable for everyone. For many people, ASUS official firmware is the best, because it is stable, fully functional, and the UI is simple and easy to use. Merlin is just like ASUS firmware.

▲ ASUS RT routers of models above ▲66ub1 all have their own intelligent network guards, which provide router-level security protection for home networks. I put these security protection measures on the 86U.

▲ Network security guards also provide webpage and APP filtering functions, which can filter the content of the mobile phone/computer used by children and then open it to him at the right time.

▲ After the ▲QOS function is turned on, broadband can be intelligently allocated under the condition of heavy load such as download/intranet transmission of a certain device, and the impact on other online devices is reduced.

▲ Traffic analysis has little effect on the broadband monthly subscription in China. It is very useful for foreign countries, such as Australia, to charge by flow. (Of course, it will be useful if you use a charging network card.)

▲ The game acceleration function is a special function of routers above AC86U, which can enjoy the acceleration function between different servers around the world.

▲ Users of ASUS routers can register for free and use the game acceleration service for free.

▲ If you want to access your own USB device connected to the router on the external network or wake up the computer remotely, you can turn these two functions on.

▲ If you want to turn off 2.4G and 5G intelligent network selection, you can turn off the Smart Connect function in the wireless network interface, and ASUS routers are also optimized for Xbox users.

▲ For example, if I use the optical cat bridge, and the optical cat is only used as a photoelectric conversion device, I only need to select the PPPoE connection type in the external network (wan) interface, enter the broadband account number and password, and then apply the interface settings to realize automatic dialing.

▲ In the wireless network and professional setting interface, the signal can be set and the area can be switched, but it is not recommended for individuals to switch to the United States and Australia with strong signals, because the radiation is slightly large, and long-term use is afraid of affecting health.

▲ In the system management interface, you can choose the working mode of the router. Generally speaking, it is the default. If there is an ASUS RT router that has been eliminated by updating iteration, you can turn on AiMesh and let your RT router simply be an AiMesh device.

Mesh — — > 802.11ac + MU-MIMO

AiMesh — — > ASUS expands its own firmware, so that ordinary independent RT series routers can support and join the function of Mesh network, so there is no need to buy a complete set of Mesh routers. After all, a set of three Mesh routers needs 1999.

Personal use example

▲ First, use USB-AC68 to connect to RT-AC86U’s 5G WiFi, and then put my NAS (wired Gigabit network cable connection) into the Z disk of the local computer to measure the network connection speed. This speed is basically the highest, because the conversion between wireless network and wired network and the need for packets for signal transmission will occupy the transmission bandwidth.

▲ The signal strength test that everyone cares about, the layout of my home, and the emmmmmmm drawing software is called Sims 4, which is made by EA who sells DLC. Common locations are marked in the above picture, and the following picture shows the perspective with walls. It can be seen that the signal has crossed several walls. The router is in the small bedroom, my room, only 1 meter away from the bed.

▲ A picture shows that the attenuation of 2.4G signal is less, but the transmission speed of 5G signal is fast, and the signal strength is very good if it is close to the router. What? You said that the 5G signal toilet is weak to use?

▲ Let’s measure the 100M broadband next to the router, and compare it with the signal measured in the toilet with the worst signal. You will find that even in the toilet with the worst signal, there is no problem in brushing Weibo, watching videos, watching TV dramas and playing games (the delay is not improved). In actual measurement, don’t be superstitious about signal strength, it is enough. After all, SRRC standards will be stricter.

The glory of the king/chicken-eating mobile game measurement

　

▲ I played three the glory of the king, two wins and one loss … When the game was operated, there was no delay caused by communication, and the operation was smooth. Even a hero like Liu Bang, who has a lot of hands, can accept five heads.

▲ Jedi survival stimulated the battlefield and also ate chicken.

summary

For the replacement method of light cats, I recommend schemes 1, 2 and 3. The fourth type is highly recommended by individuals who change the bottom layer, because the gap is around 50 yuan, which is not worth your trouble, and the life span of second-hand light cats is very poor. Once it collapses, it will be very painful.

I recommend Optical Cat to be used as a photoelectric conversion device, so as to prolong the life of Optical Cat and enable it to support the future 10 Gigabit optical fiber+10 Gigabit network. We connect a good wireless game at the back end, which can not only enjoy high-quality WiFi and intranet, but also have better expansion functions.

In the process of use, I think AC86U is very suitable for me. It saves space by being placed vertically, with excellent performance, rich functions and sufficient signal strength. After all, the SRRC standard is strict.

　　This announcement shall come into force as of January 1, 2020. Announcement on Issuing the List of Toxic Chemicals Strictly Restricted in China (2018) (Announcement No.74 of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs in 2017) shall be abolished at the same time.

　　It is hereby announced.

　　Attachment: 1. List of Toxic Chemicals Strictly Restricted in China (2020)

　　　　　2 "toxic chemicals import environmental management release notice" instructions.

　　　　　3 "toxic chemicals export environmental management release notice" instructions.

Ministry of Ecology and Environment

Ministry of Commerce

General Administration of Customs

December 30, 2019

　　Cc: ecological environment departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ecological environment bureaus of cities with separate plans, ecological environment bureaus of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, commercial authorities of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Guangdong Branch of General Administration of Customs, special offices of Tianjin and Shanghai, and customs directly under the Central Government.

　　Issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 31, 2019

　　Annex 2

Notice on Environmental Management Release of Toxic Chemicals Import

Make it clear

　　I. Registration conditions

　　(1) Chemicals controlled by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and related amendments in the import list.

　　The import purposes shall conform to the acceptable purposes specified in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Amendment to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants to Add Hexabromocyclododecane (Announcement No.84 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2016) and the Announcement on the Prohibition of the Production, Circulation, Use, Import and Export of Persistent Organic Pollutants such as Lindane (Announcement No.10 of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2019) or the specific exemption purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration.

　　(2) Chemicals controlled by the Minamata Convention on Mercury in the import list.

　　1. The import use shall conform to the permitted use within a limited time in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (Announcement No.38 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2017).

　　2. If the exporting country is a non-party to the Minamata Convention on Mercury (hereinafter referred to as the "Mercury Convention"), the non-party needs to provide a certificate to prove that the exported mercury is not from the primary mercury mine that does not meet the requirements of the Mercury Convention or the mercury generated during the decommissioning of chlor-alkali facilities.

　　(3) Chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and related amendments in the import list.

　　1. The import use shall conform to the permitted use stipulated by China (except polychlorinated terphenyls).

　　2. If polychlorinated terphenyls are imported, environmental management registration of new chemical substances shall be handled.

　　Second, the application materials

　　(1) An application form for the environmental management release notice for the import of toxic chemicals (hereinafter referred to as the import release form).

　　(2) Import contracts signed with foreign investors.

　　(3) Where chemicals are controlled by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (hereinafter referred to as the Stockholm Convention) and related amendments in the import list, the certification materials that the imported chemicals are only used for acceptable purposes or for specific exempted purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration shall be submitted.

　　(4) If the chemicals controlled by the Mercury Convention are listed in the import list, the following documents shall be submitted: (1) Proof that the imported chemicals are only used for the permitted purposes in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury; (2) If the exporting country is a non-party to the Mercury Convention, the certificate of the non-party on the source of imported mercury shall be provided; (3) Data and information on import purposes that meet the requirements of the Mercury Convention.

　　(5) If the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and its related amendments are listed in the import list, the certification materials that meet the registration conditions shall be submitted.

　　(six) if it is not the first time to import, it shall submit the import, flow direction and use of each batch before.

　　Third, the accepting unit

　　The accepting unit is the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Applicants can apply to the Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Technology Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and submit application materials. For those who meet the registration conditions, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will issue an import release form.

　　Fourth, the validity period

　　The import release form is valid for 6 months.

　　V. Time limit for registration

　　20 working days from the date of acceptance.

　　Sixth, the results are open

　　The registration decision shall be made public within 20 working days.

　　VII. Post-supervision

　　Units importing chemicals shall establish ledgers (detailed records) to truthfully record the import, flow and use. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will organize an on-site inspection of the applicant, and the applicant shall provide a ledger.

　　Annex 3

Notice on Environmental Management Release of Toxic Chemicals Export

Make it clear

　　I. Registration conditions

　　(1) Chemicals controlled by the Stockholm Convention and related amendments in the export list.

　　1. The export purposes shall conform to the acceptable purposes specified in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Amendment to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants to Add Hexabromocyclododecane (Announcement No.84 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2016) and the Announcement on the Prohibition of the Production, Circulation, Use, Import and Export of Persistent Organic Pollutants such as Lindane (Announcement No.10 of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2019) or the specific exemption purposes within the validity period of the specific exemption registration. If the importing country is a party to the Stockholm Convention and related amendments, it should also meet the acceptable use of the importing country or the specific exemption use within the validity period of the specific exemption registration.

　　2. If the importing country is a non-party to the Stockholm Convention and its related amendments, it shall submit an annual certificate to prove that it will take necessary measures to reduce or prevent environmental emissions, comply with the regulations on reducing or eliminating emissions from stockpiles and wastes, and ensure that wastes are disposed, collected, transported and stored in an environmentally sound manner.

　　3. If the importing country is a party to the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments, the export of chemicals not controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments shall be confirmed by the importing country (foreign party); The export of chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of "Export of Chemicals Controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and Related Amendments".

　　(2) Chemicals controlled by the Mercury Convention in the export list

　　1. The export purpose is in line with the permitted use in the Announcement on the Entry into Force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (Announcement No.38 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2017). If the importing country is a party to the mercury convention, it should also meet the permitted use of the importing country under the mercury convention.

　　2. If the importing country is a party to the Mercury Convention, it shall issue a written consent and provide written certification materials to prove that it meets the permitted uses of the Mercury Convention.

　　3. If the importing country is a non-party to the Mercury Convention, it shall issue a written consent to prove that it will only be used for the purposes permitted by the parties to the Mercury Convention, ensure compliance with the provisions of the Mercury Convention on environmentally sound temporary storage, ensure compliance with the provisions of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal and the guidelines formulated, and take measures to ensure the protection of human health and the environment.

　　(3) Chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments in the export list.

　　If the importing country is a party to the Rotterdam Convention and related amendments, it shall meet the corresponding conditions in the reply of the importing country to the Convention Secretariat on the exported chemicals:

　　1. If the import reply to the Convention Secretariat is that it does not agree to import, it shall not be exported;

　　2. If the import reply to the Convention Secretariat is to agree to import under specific conditions, it shall meet the specific conditions put forward by it;

　　3. If the importing country has not submitted a reply to the Secretariat, it shall ensure that the chemical was registered as a chemical in the importing Party at the time of import; Or there is evidence that the chemical has been used or imported in the territory of the importing Party and no control action has been taken to ban it; Or the exporter has asked for explicit consent through the national competent department designated by the contracting party and has obtained such consent.

　　Second, the application materials

　　(1) An application form for the environmental management release notice for the export of toxic chemicals (hereinafter referred to as the export release form).

　　(2) A statement and proof that the exported chemicals meet the requirements of the Stockholm Convention, the Mercury Convention and the Rotterdam Convention.

　　Third, the accepting unit

　　The accepting unit is the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Applicants can apply to the Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Technology Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and submit application materials. According to the Rotterdam Convention, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment sent an export notice to the importing country and received a reply. For those who meet the registration conditions, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will issue an export release form.

　　Fourth, the validity period

　　The export release form is valid for 6 months.

　　V. Time limit for registration

　　The time limit for registration of export release documents is 20 working days from the date of acceptance. The time for performing the prior informed consent procedure is not counted.

　　Sixth, the results are open

　　The registration decision shall be made public within 20 working days.

　　Seven, the export should be accompanied by information.

　　According to the requirements of the Rotterdam Convention, when exporting chemicals controlled by the Rotterdam Convention and its related amendments in the list, exporting units should attach labels and safety data sheets with the latest information in an internationally recognized format, so as to ensure adequate information on risks and/or hazards to human health or the environment.

"Hot Pot Hero" began an overwhelming publicity.

In addition to starring Chen Kun and Bai Baihe, they are still first-class stars, and the audience knows little about the director and story of this film. From the perspective of the overall Chinese film market, where the box office is hot, but the quality is poor, this great probability will be another mediocre money-making work.

Fortunately, Qing Yang, the director and screenwriter, handed in an answer sheet that satisfied most of the audience. Producer Chen Guofu and other behind-the-scenes personnel escorted the film production and announcement, which did not disappoint people. As a result, public opinion began to wave the flag and shout one-sidedly, and praise words such as "Top Ten of the Scheduled Year" and "Another Crazy Stone" appeared one after another.

Objectively speaking, Hot Pot Hero is somewhat similar to Crazy Stone. It is also a comedy factor in crime; It is also a small and medium-sized film that lacks anticipation in advance but makes people feel a little surprised; Similarly, the director is familiar with Hollywood and other commercial films, and he is localized twice; Even chose the mountain city of Chongqing as the cultural foundation of the film.

However, there are still obvious differences in their overall styles and stories. Hot pot hero is not as "happy" as "Crazy Stone", but the action design is more "black". It doesn’t follow the complicated multi-clue narrative of Crazy Stone, but it is more like the bizarre street news adapted from Story Club.

Not bad, but not so perfect.

-well, you still have to see it yourself to know.

The following is a brief spoiler:

The following is a brief spoiler:

The following is a brief spoiler:

Three good friends and old classmates (played by Yu Entai, Qin Hao, Chen Kun) jointly opened the "Dongzi Hot Pot", a hot pot restaurant, which will soon close down due to poor management. In order to resell more money, they decided to dig and expand privately. I didn’t expect this excavation to accidentally dig through the basement of the bank next door. The three men didn’t dare to steal money, but just wanted to fill the hole quietly, so they contacted the female classmate (Bai Baihe) who works in the bank. According to the general story logic, Bai Baihe happened to have a crush on Chen Kun, so he decided to help them do the floor repair.

However, Chen Kun likes gambling, owing a lot of debts outside, and he moved the selfishness of "borrowing some first". Although the protagonist is not a bad person morally, he is still hesitant about stealing money, but in the end, the money was taken away by the creditor, and the protagonist also decided to report to the police and surrender.

This is the first half of the film: a piece of street news that Mr. Chen, a citizen, dug his own basement and accidentally dug through the tunnel of the bank next door.

Just then, the bank was robbed by four masked gangsters. The police are too busy to pay attention to the important clue of "there is a tunnel under the bank", so the protagonist can only enter the bank alone from the tunnel to rescue the female classmate. However, gangsters with excellent professional skills subdued the protagonist and three classmates, tied four people and burned them alive. At the most dangerous time, the former creditor brought someone to the door again because of the dispute, and launched a bloody fight with the bank robbers. In order not to let Chen Kun, the protagonist, become the "rescued one", he finally arranged a one-on-one confrontation with the gangster leader.

This is the second half of the film: "bank robbers robbed the vault" and "citizen Mr. Chen became a hero".

The brief spoiler is over.

The brief spoiler is over.

The brief spoiler is over.

Because of well-known reasons, bank robbers in our country will certainly come to no good end, no matter how many hostages there are. Therefore, as a special category of crime comedy, "bank robbery" is loved by people all over the world, but our story here is not easy to write. In the plot, we can see that the director vaguely handled some difficulties and passed the review. For example, the protagonist was not bank panic, but he accidentally created a bank tunnel-he didn’t strengthen the performance of the criminal process, or he made up for the legal responsibility of stealing money in the second half-he didn’t let a bad guy go. This also left some obvious plot loopholes: for example, the bank basement didn’t even have a monitoring-although it was an old bank to be rebuilt, or the police responded to bank robbery, except shouting and assaulting from the main entrance, they never thought that it was possible to obtain evidence from the next door.

Of course, the localization of the theme of the script is still very successful, although it draws on the factors of many Hollywood films, the personality and culture of the characters are still China’s characteristics. Part of the rhythm is a little slow, but the whole is still bright.

And the director’s handling method can also be regarded as rich and changeable.

Many of them are clearly recognizable world movie platters: the opening four cold robbers with masks, including the tense and low soundtrack design, are learning Batman 2, the Dark Knight; The form of explaining the contents of crimes by scanning them one by one through the monitor comes from the beginning of Geric’s Stealing and Kidnapping. The action design of several fights is the style of the Korean film old boys, and the action director of this film is also Korean; The fighting action with slightly sad classical music belongs to the Korean style of Park Chan-wook and others; At the end, the tragic private fight between the two people in the alley is similar to the black temperament of the Hong Kong film "Dog Bites Dog" … The so-called world articles are copied a lot, and the sources of copying are wide, so it does not become copying, but becomes a kind of learning, reference and re-creation.

The director is like making a table of Chongqing hot pot. The raw materials are all the same. He rinsed it in the homemade unique sauce and it still has a unique hot taste after coming out.

Qing Yang, the director and screenwriter, actually jumped into the audience’s field of vision six years ago with the low-budget crime comedy Nightclub. At that time, the actors of the film, such as Xú Zhēng and Zhang Jiayi, were not as popular as they are today. Six years later, the film market is still booming, and Hot Pot Hero has been upgraded a lot compared with Nightclub, but the director’s pursuit reflected in it is the same strain: based on commercial stories, packaged with entertainment elements such as action, crime and comedy. Although compared with Ning Hao’s films, the theme is not more complicated, the director’s techniques are equally rich, and they are all good at learning from world films.

Most importantly, they are all local directors, rooted in the civic base of the city. There is a meticulous and realistic interest in the script and the grasp of characters. This is an excellent foreign director, and Hong Kong and South Korean filmmakers can’t match it.

"Hot Pot Hero" is not a perfect film, although entertainment scenes such as action violence have been done well, sometimes the treatment is still too heavy and slightly dramatic. For example, in order to save her colleagues in front of the bank robbers, Bai Baihe suddenly fell into a literary and artistic memory of her feelings in such a tense and high-pressure environment-that is, when the pot was about to boil, she added a handful of cold water, which made it impossible to feed. Before the whole film, it was going on intermittently, and the director seemed to have handled it too complicated. The emotions of comedy, love and friendship were not consistent, which led to the lack of strong flavor. Fortunately, at the end of the series of violent actions, the temperature was pushed forward layer by layer and finally reached the edge of the outbreak.

In any case, this domestic film is finally close to the level of Korean films. Although South Korea’s film market is only a fraction of ours, it has experienced the learning process of Hollywood since the beginning of 2000, and has continuously introduced genre films combined with South Korea’s localization. Not only is the film industry at a high level, but the creative method of combining editing and directing has also produced many works with outstanding business and style. To this day, it is still a good work every year. The same is true of the study of Hot Pot Hero on South Korea and Hollywood. I believe that director Qing Yang’s future works will be more mature and full, and the overall improvement of film quality will finally be worthy of our growing box office.

On November 3rd, Hangzhou Municipal Market Supervision Administration, Hangzhou Health Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team, China Plastic Surgery Association, Zhejiang Plastic Surgery Industry Association, Alibaba Consumer Medical Industry, etc. jointly held a forum on standardized development of medical beauty medical industry and a conference on "Beauty without Worry" standard in Hangzhou.

The picture shows the conference site.

Guided by the Law Enforcement Guide for Medical Beauty Advertisements just issued by the State Administration of Market Supervision, the meeting discussed how to strictly examine the qualifications of institutions, doctors and services from the perspectives of regulatory authorities, consumption platforms, institutions and manufacturers, and launched the "worry-free beauty" standard, with the aim of protecting users’ consumer rights and providing a worry-free medical beauty consumption experience.

This is the first practical action jointly initiated by local market supervision authorities, associations, platforms, equipment manufacturers and medical beauty institutions to establish industry standards after the official release of the Law Enforcement Guide for Medical Beauty Advertising on November 1.

At the meeting, Zhang Bin, president of China Plastic Surgery Association, sent a video speech. Zhang Bin pointed out that the medical and beauty industry urgently needs to formulate, improve and implement various industry standards, rather than relying solely on administrative orders to restrict chaos. "Beauty Worry-Free" has established a system of standardized development and industry self-discipline online and offline, which is a positive promotion for the whole industry.

The picture shows the video speech of President Zhang Bin of China Plastic Surgery Association.

Zhao Qiming, President of Zhejiang Plastic Surgery Industry Association, advocated traditional medical treatment in internet plus from the work experience and achievements of industry norms, member self-discipline and guidelines, combined with the characteristics of the platform, and realized the new trend of 1+1>2 industry development.

Zhou Jie, Director of the Medical Device Supervision Department of Hangzhou Market Supervision, interprets the regulations on the supervision of medical and aesthetic medical devices, and at the same time puts forward requirements for the selection of "Beauty Worry-Free" institutions.

The picture shows Zhou Jie, the Medical Device Supervision Department of Hangzhou Market Supervision, interpreting relevant laws and regulations.

Xing Ye, the chief of Hangzhou Health Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team, pointed out that both the platform and the merchants should conform to the norms, and made rectification of medical beauty chaos and publicity of relevant laws and regulations from three aspects.

Sean, vice president of local life of Alibaba, said at the meeting that medical beauty has both medical and consumption attributes, and users are faced with more information asymmetry and don’t know how to choose. Alibaba’s local life strictly examines the qualifications and publicity content of medical beauty medical merchants. Since the beginning of this year, tens of thousands of illegal goods have been removed. Sean said that Alibaba, as a consumption platform, has the responsibility and obligation to push high-quality goods and services to users.

The picture shows Sean, vice president of local life of Alibaba.

It is reported that Alibaba platform will establish a daily communication mechanism with Hangzhou Municipal Market Supervision Administration, and regularly investigate and deal with the list of illegal medical and beauty institutions. In addition, the platform will also be connected with the information inquiry platform of medical and aesthetic institutions "Medical Ernest Major Inquiry" set up by Hangzhou Health and Health Commission, and users can directly inquire about the qualifications of medical and aesthetic institutions and doctors online.

Also attending the forum and conference were large medical and beauty institutions such as Meilai, Yixing, Hangzhou Victoria, Weilin and One Plus One, as well as famous medical and beauty brand manufacturers such as Feidun, Keyi, LG, Philoga, Huaxi Bio and Yifuquan.

The picture shows the launching ceremony of the US Worry-Free Standard.

It is reported that the worry-free standard of beauty is based on Alibaba platform, and strictly examines the qualifications of institutions, doctors and service guarantees from four aspects: "optimizing institutions, certified doctors, traceability of genuine products and service guarantee", thus enhancing and optimizing the medical beauty consumption experience of users. Worry-free standards include instruments/pharmaceutical purchase vouchers, doctors’ qualifications, offline performance services and other dimensions. Products that meet the standards will display the "Beauty without Worry" logo on Tmall Medical Beauty, Taobao and Hungry Medical Beauty Channel, so as to provide service guarantee for consumers to become beautiful, avoid the risk of "illegal medical cosmetology" and enjoy better service and health guarantee.

The picture shows the content of the worry-free standard.

At the same time, the platform also requires and supervises the settled merchants to sign a letter of commitment, promising that "consumers can’t be induced to over-treat medical beauty, and they can’t be forced to re-consume. Consumers can’t write it off until they arrive at the store. After-sales, they should be retired at any time, as well as medical beauty insurance customer service guarantee". According to the standard service process, users are guaranteed to serve in the hospital.

It is understood that the first batch of "beautiful worry-free" products have been launched in double 11. In the future, with the improvement of supply, all medical beauty promotion activities on the platform can only be entered by "beautiful and worry-free" products. (Ling Yan Yue Wen)

Fox doctor

The weather turned cold and the temperature plummeted, and the flu season is coming soon. While the global COVID-19 epidemic situation is still grim, this year’s flu season still needs to be focused on.

The stomach of a 25-year-old office worker is bulging, and it turns out to be cancer! On major media platforms, we can often see similar real cases. Stories that happen around us seem to remind us that more and more young people have been "entangled" by stomach cancer. Professor Bei Zhang explained the reasons.

Vaccination against influenza is the most effective means to prevent influenza. At this time, it is also the hot topic that people discuss the most. But when it comes to whether or not to get the flu vaccine, there are still many doubts, such as "Do you still have to get the flu vaccine after getting the COVID-19 vaccine?" "Why do you have to fight every year?" Wait a minute. In order to make more people have a clear understanding of influenza vaccine,Zheng Dongying, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Prevention and Health Care, First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityThree key questions are summarized and answered in detail.

Do you still need to get the flu vaccine after COVID-19 vaccination? 　

COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccine prevent diseases caused by two different viruses, so they are irreplaceable. If you have been vaccinated against COVID-19 before, you can get the flu vaccine again as long as the interval is 14 days or more.

However, it should be noted that if the two vaccines are given in the same arm and the same inoculation site, the interval between the two needles should be greater than or equal to 28 days. Only by vaccinating both vaccines can we resist the invasion of Covid-19 and influenza virus.

Why should the flu vaccine be given every year? 　

There are many subtypes of influenza virus, and they mutate rapidly. Therefore, the World Health Organization has established an influenza surveillance network around the world to predict in advance which subtypes of influenza virus will cause transmission in the next influenza season. According to these recommended results and predicted results, a more suitable and effective influenza vaccine can be made.

In addition, the flu vaccine is an inactivated vaccine, and the protection time after vaccination is about 6-8 months, so if you fight this year, it will not have a preventive effect next year. For these two reasons, the flu vaccine is vaccinated every year.

Who needs to be vaccinated against influenza? 　

In principle, people over 6 months old and above can be vaccinated against influenza.It is strongly recommended that the following four groups of people be vaccinated in time.

The first category:People with low immune function, that is, infants or preschool children aged 6 months to 5 years old and elderly people over 60 years old.

The second category:People who work or study in special places, such as medical staff working in medical institutions, people who work or study in crowded places such as pension institutions, welfare homes, kindergartens and schools. On the one hand, activities in these places are easy to contact with influenza virus; On the other hand, these places are crowded and the air circulation is relatively poor.

The third category:Some people with chronic diseases or infirmities. Patients with chronic diseases have already lost their physical function and their immunity will be reduced. These people should be vaccinated against influenza in time as long as the chronic diseases are stable.

The fourth category:People who often travel and go abroad. These people will take public transportation such as trains, cars and planes frequently or for a long time, and they will often go to crowded places, so they should be vaccinated against influenza in advance.

Of course, you should not take the flu vaccine lightly. You should take protective measures, such as opening the window for ventilation as usual, washing your hands frequently and wearing a mask. At the same time, you should ensure a reasonable and regular work and rest system, have a reasonable diet, exercise regularly, enhance your immunity and better resist the flu virus.

In addition to the above three questions, we also sorted out some problems that need attention according to the Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2021-2022) issued by China CDC on September 16th this year, so as to help you do a good job in prevention.

What are the symptoms of getting the flu? 　

Influenza generally manifests as acute onset and fever (some cases may have high fever, reaching 39-40℃), accompanied by chills, headaches, muscle and joint aches, extreme fatigue, loss of appetite and other systemic symptoms, such as sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, discomfort behind the sternum, facial flushing, mild conjunctival congestion, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms. Mild influenza is often similar to the common cold, but its fever and systemic symptoms are more obvious. Severe cases may have extrapulmonary manifestations such as viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, cardiovascular and nervous system, and various complications. The symptoms of influenza are the main basis for routine clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the lack of specificity of symptoms and signs of influenza, it is easily confused with the common cold and other upper respiratory tract infections.

When is the right time for influenza vaccination? 　

Usually, after 2-4 weeks of influenza vaccination, antibodies with protective level can be produced, and the antibody titer begins to decline after 6-8 months. The time and duration of the annual peak of influenza activity are different in different parts of China. In order to ensure that the vaccinated people get immune protection before the high-incidence season of influenza, it is suggested that all localities arrange vaccination as soon as the vaccine is available, and it is best to complete immunization before the end of October. For those who have not been vaccinated before the end of October, immunization services can be provided throughout the epidemic season. In the same influenza epidemic season, people who have completed the whole vaccination according to the vaccination procedures do not need to be vaccinated again.

Pregnant women can be vaccinated against influenza at any stage of pregnancy. It is suggested that they can be vaccinated as soon as this year’s influenza vaccine is available.

Can you get flu vaccine if you are allergic to eggs? 　

Egg allergy is not recommended as a taboo for influenza vaccination. People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition and 2020 edition) does not take people who are allergic to eggs as taboos. The measurement of egg protein content in commonly used influenza vaccines in China shows that the highest content is not more than 140 ng/ml. Since 2016, ACIP in the United States has suggested that people who are allergic to eggs can also be vaccinated against influenza.

What types of influenza vaccine can you get this year? 　

There are trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), tetravalent 20 inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV3) which have been approved for marketing in China. IIV3 includes split vaccine and subunit vaccine, IIV4 is split vaccine and LAIV3 is attenuated vaccine. In the season of 2021-2022, there are 10 manufacturers supplying influenza vaccine. See Table 1 for the specific information of influenza vaccine manufacturers and their products.

reference data

Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2021-2022)

https://www.chinacdc.cn/yyrdgz/202109/P020210916330493651111.pdf

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　　If the teacher’s evaluation is done properly, the children can jump high. The picture shows the kindergarten in Danyang City, Jiangsu Province, cultivating children’s brave spirit, and the little man simulated vault training and successfully crossed the "obstacle". Photo courtesy of Gu Liqin Jiang Wen Zhou Zhusheng

　　The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) points out that managers, teachers, children and their parents are all participants in kindergarten education evaluation. The evaluation process is a process of mutual participation, mutual support and cooperation. However, in the actual educational evaluation of kindergartens, the evaluation of children is often just a monologue of teachers.

　　Teacher monologues are active and passive monologues.

　　Teachers’ monologues can be divided into active monologues and passive monologues. Active monologue means that teachers do not welcome other subjects to participate in evaluation; Passive monologue means that other subjects actively choose not to participate in the evaluation. Both types exist in kindergartens.

　　The performance of active monologue is that teachers do not give children the opportunity to participate in evaluation. On the one hand, the status of children as the subject of evaluation has not been taken seriously. The Convention on the Rights of the Child puts forward that children have four basic rights: the right to survival, the right to development, the right to protection and the right to participation. Children’s participation in evaluation is an important manifestation of their right to participate. Teachers "should ensure that children who can form their own opinions have the right to express their opinions freely on all matters affecting children, and give due attention to children’s opinions according to their age and maturity". However, in the real situation, children are often regarded as incapable of participating in the evaluation because of their young age and low cognitive level, and it is difficult to express their opinions and suggestions in related matters. For example, in many kindergartens, children’s opinions are rarely sought for the setting and adjustment of class areas, the content and trend of theme activities, etc.

　　On the other hand, children are often regarded as objects in the evaluation, and there are few opportunities to express the experience, interests, needs, difficulties and opportunities behind the behavior. For example, some teachers often interpret children’s behavior from a single adult perspective, but rarely go deep into children’s "why the apple is painted black" and "why the snail is painted without a head". Children are deprived of such words in the evaluation process, which actually makes the education process become a children’s performance under the guidance of teachers, and it is difficult for children to have the opportunity to discover and develop themselves through education.

　　The performance of passive monologue is that in the evaluation of children, managers usually play the role of bystanders rather than participants, only playing the role of supervision rather than leadership, and the evaluation of children has become a task that teachers need to undertake independently. Some managers stipulate that teachers should complete several observation records or learning stories every week and make a growth record book for each child every semester as one of the requirements for evaluating teachers’ work. In addition, they seldom participate in the evaluation of kindergarten curriculum implementation effect as evaluation subjects, and rarely provide support and feedback for teachers’ evaluation work.

　　However, how to coordinate teachers’ time for observation, evaluation and other educational activities? How to make a systematic and scientific evaluation plan effectively? How to use the evaluation results to adjust and optimize the whole kindergarten curriculum plan, and effectively promote the learning and development of every child? The solution of this series of problems can not be achieved only by the strength of teachers, but must be led and planned by managers.

　　Monologue evaluation is related to external management and self-accomplishment.

　　The phenomenon of teachers’ monologues in children’s evaluation has both external and internal reasons.

　　The external reasons are mainly reflected in the inadequate overall evaluation system and concept construction of kindergartens. On the one hand, although many kindergartens emphasize evaluation, most kindergartens don’t really pay attention to evaluation. For example, kindergartens do not leave teachers with special observation and evaluation time, but require teachers to complete the observation and evaluation of young children while organizing activities; In the daily management of kindergartens, special curriculum planning time and teaching and research time are arranged, but few kindergartens will arrange special observation, evaluation and discussion time for children. On the other hand, some managers and teachers only regard observing and evaluating children as the end of education, not the starting point. Some kindergartens still take the spot check of children’s singing, telling stories and doing arithmetic at the end of the semester as an important evaluation, and make a model growth portfolio at the end of the semester as an important form to observe and evaluate children.

　　The internal reason is that teachers’ evaluation literacy needs to be improved. Evaluation literacy is an indispensable part of teachers’ professional ability, which requires teachers to have ideas, knowledge and skills in the field of evaluation, that is to say, teachers should be able to understand evaluation, clarify achievement expectations, use appropriate evaluation methods, and properly interpret and apply evaluation results. However, the current research shows that the overall evaluation literacy of preschool teachers in China is not high, among which the evaluation attitude is the best, the evaluation skills are the second, and the evaluation knowledge score is the lowest. Therefore, the evaluation knowledge and skills of preschool teachers need to be enriched and improved urgently.

　　Provide a variety of support for teachers to get out of monologue evaluation

　　First of all, in the kindergarten management system, special observation and evaluation time and discussion time should be arranged. It is suggested that qualified kindergartens arrange at least half a day for teachers every week, or arrange an hour of special observation time for teachers every day; Arrange a special evaluation and discussion time every week or every two weeks, and the whole park will work together to discuss the level of children’s learning and development, and study their life and psychological world. The role of the director has also changed from supervision and evaluation to leadership evaluation.

　　Secondly, in the examination of kindergarten teachers’ qualification certificate and the recruitment examination of new teachers in various places, the content of children’s observation and evaluation ability should be increased, forcing teachers’ training units to pay attention to strengthening the ability of cultivating students to observe and evaluate children. Although "Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers (Trial)" has made it clear that observing and evaluating children’s ability is the professional ability of kindergarten teachers, in the curriculum system of many kindergarten teachers’ teacher training units, relevant courses are still missing or the teaching quality of the courses is not high. If the content of children’s observation and evaluation ability is added to various exams in the future, then the teacher training unit will pay attention to relevant courses and provide students with systematic knowledge learning and ability training.

　　Secondly, it is expected that the researchers of early childhood education can develop a new model that is in line with China’s national conditions and is consistent with the "3-mdash; The computer software or mobile APP for the evaluation of children’s learning and development corresponding to the Guide to Learning and Development for 6-year-olds supports teachers to evaluate effectively and reasonably. With the help of children’s observation and evaluation software system, teachers can manage observation and evaluation data, understand the evaluated and unevaluated projects, automatically draw the development status of individual children in all aspects, and draw the development status of some aspects of the whole class, which provides convenient support for teachers to understand individual children and the whole class, and also provides the possibility for teachers to design suitable courses.

　　Finally, teachers should build a new equal relationship between teachers and children, and respect and attach importance to children’s evaluation rights. In the new era, with the increase of information acquisition channels, children know more knowledge than teachers in some aspects at some time, and teachers can no longer stick to their authoritative position as knowledge imparting, nor can they despise children’s ability. Facts show that young children are fully capable of participating in the decision-making of matters related to them. For example, some children hope that kindergartens can also have children’s parking lots, so they design a parking lot plan, submit it to the director, and get the director’s permission to open a children’s parking lot in kindergartens.

　　It can be seen that teachers should change their concepts, respect children’s right to participate and evaluate, believe that children have the ability to make evaluations, and support children to continuously improve their evaluation ability.

　　(Author: Zeng Xiaoying, former Jinxia Unit: School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University)

Cctv newsZhuang Hui, who is over the age of 30, is full of silver hair, short and slightly hunched. He has studied hepatitis for decades, talking about the course and future of hepatitis prevention and treatment in China, and his eyes are firm after bright lenses. In the course of the development of hepatitis prevention and treatment in China for more than 30 years, Zhuang Hui thinks that the most significant three aspects of work are hepatitis vaccine, standardized treatment and discrimination of patients. Whenever there is an opportunity, he will make suggestions and appeals at various occasions and meetings.

Committed to vaccination to eliminate the threat of hepatitis B.

On the second floor of peking university health science center Public Security Building, there is an office of Zhuang Hui, which is full of books and magazines. When he is not out, he comes to work in the office almost every day. Opposite the office is a laboratory, and the one next to the office is a conference room. Pushing open the door of the conference room, the first thing you see is the green plants on the rectangular conference table, and the green branches and leaves are occasionally dotted with some red fruits, which shows that the owner of the flowers and plants is an interesting person. There are also two new photo frames from Burnet Institute in Australia, which are also very eye-catching.

As early as the 1980s, Zhuang Hui began to cooperate with Burnet Institute, and it was in 1980 that our country began to incorporate the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis and scientific research into the national scientific research plan, and Zhuang Hui gradually became the leader of the research from a participant.

For more than 30 years, our country has successfully developed hepatitis A vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis E vaccine. With the successful development and widespread vaccination of vaccines, from the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" and "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", while strengthening the vaccination of viral hepatitis, we began to study the standardized treatment of hepatitis B and C, and the cure rate has also been significantly improved. China has made great achievements in the field of viral hepatitis prevention and treatment.

Academician Zhuang Hui was a member of the Technical Advisory Group on Viral Hepatitis of the World Health Organization (WHO) and an important promoter of free vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in China. He can casually say about the development history of China’s hepatitis B vaccination policy. In 1992, the former Ministry of Health brought hepatitis B vaccine into the planned immunization management; In 2002, China incorporated hepatitis B vaccine into children’s planned immunization, and vaccinated all newborns with hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. In 2005, the cost of hepatitis B vaccination for newborns was also completely free; In 2010, newborns born to pregnant women with positive HBsAg were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and then vaccinated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin free of charge; In 2009, 2010 and 2011, children under the age of 15 were replanted with hepatitis B vaccine for three consecutive years.

What Zhuang Hui is most proud of is that due to the comprehensive prevention and control strategy of hepatitis B vaccination, the hepatitis B seroepidemiological survey in 2014 showed that the prevalence rate of hepatitis B surface antigen among people aged 1-4 in China dropped to 0.32%, and that among people aged 5-14 was 0.96%, which reduced the number of new hepatitis B virus infections by 30 million, and prevented 80 million children from being infected with hepatitis B virus.

Committed to improving the standardized treatment of hepatitis

Zhuang Hui thinks that the second place in the meaningful work is to organize the formulation of guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and C in China. "Through the interpretation and promotion of these two guidelines throughout the country, it has greatly promoted the standardized diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hepatitis B and C in China … … These two guides are more useful than how many SCI papers are written. "

Under the leadership of Zhuang Hui, China formulated the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B in 2004 and 2005, among which the most important thing is to regard antiviral treatment as the key to the treatment of hepatitis B and C, which makes the antiviral treatment of hepatitis B and C more standardized and the curative effect further improved.

At present, among the 28 million chronic hepatitis B patients in China, only about 2-3 million people are receiving antiviral treatment. "Why not receive treatment? The main reason is that the treatment cost is too expensive." Zhuang Hui said. "At the same time, hepatitis C can be cured at present, and we must find ways to promote the accessibility of new drugs."

Under the leadership of Zhuang Hui, he submitted many suggestions to the National Health and Family Planning Commission and relevant departments. Finally, in 2016, through negotiations between the government and pharmaceutical companies, the monthly cost of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, an antiviral drug for hepatitis B, dropped from 1,470 yuan to 490 yuan, a decrease of 67%. At the same time, in 2017, china food and drug administration approved the first direct antiviral drug for oral hepatitis C. After 3-6 months of treatment, 95% of hepatitis C can be cured.

Committed to eliminating hepatitis discrimination

Zhuang Hui’s third concern is about hepatitis B discrimination. It is said that in the big discussion on whether to cancel the compulsory physical examination of hepatitis B before entering school and employment, he used epidemiological logic to refute those voices who were afraid that canceling the physical examination would lead to the epidemic of the disease. He said: "From an epidemiological point of view, if normal contact can infect, the entrance nodes of primary schools, middle schools and universities will be the peak of hepatitis B virus infection, but in our epidemiological investigation, we have not seen this situation."

Although the documents issued by the National Health Planning Commission and other three departments have played a very good role in promoting the policy of non-discrimination for hepatitis B patients, the discrimination against hepatitis B in society has not been completely eliminated. For example, a village doctor with hepatitis B carrier was afraid to show up during the recording of TV programs, and covered his face during the video recording. This shows that he is afraid of showing his true face, and no one dares to see him. He is also worried that his son can’t find a partner and so on. We still have a long way to go to eliminate discrimination against patients with viral hepatitis, including hepatitis B and C, hepatitis A and hepatitis E.

The World Health Organization proposes that by 2030, the new cases of chronic hepatitis B and C will be reduced by 90%, the mortality rate of hepatitis B and C will be reduced to 65%, and the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C will cover 80% of patients, thus eliminating the public health problem of viral hepatitis. "Optimization of hepatitis immunization, standardized treatment and discrimination of patients", Zhuang Hui said, doing well in these three aspects is to promote the prevention and treatment of hepatitis in China, and also for a future without hepatitis.

July 28th is World Hepatitis Day, and this year’s theme is "Standardizing detection and treatment to curb the harm of hepatitis". "At present, the number of hepatitis patients in our country is too small. There are 28 million patients with hepatitis B, but only more than 2 million patients are treated, less than 10%, and less than 1% patients with hepatitis C. Only early diagnosis and early treatment can curb the harm of hepatitis." Zhuang Hui said.